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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of bio-alginates on the growth rate of pheasant chicks. Two experiments were performed in pheasant chicks were administered the Biopolym supplement from 1 to 29 days of age (experiment 1) or from 1 to 36 days of age (experiment 2).The Biopolym supplement had a significant effect on the growth rate of pheasant chicks, the highestrelative increase in the body weights of birds was observed between 1 and 8 days of age, and it reached 62.9% in birds fed Biopolym-supplemented diets vs. 37.5% in the control group (P≤0.05) in experiment 1, and 60.2% vs. 48.0%, respectively (P≤0.05) in experiment 2. The body weights of pheasants fed Biopolym-supplemented diets increased 6.6-fold vs. 5.7-fold in the control group in experiment 1, and the respective values noted in experiment 2 were 9.1-fold vs. 8.4-fold (P≤0.05)
The objective of this study was to determine the carcass weight of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) stags, hinds and calves in Poland in successive months of the hunting season. The results of the study show that the average carcass weight of stags, hinds and calves in Poland is 115.05 kg, 75.38 kg and 42.48 kg, respectively. Stags characterized by the heaviest carcasses inhabit the provinces of Podkarpacie, Podlasie and Lublin, and those with the lightest carcasses can be found in the Lower Silesian and Pomeranian province. The highest carcass weight of hinds was noted in the Provinces of Podkarpacie and Lublin, while lowest – in the Lower Silesian and Pomeranian Province. In the group of calves, the highest and the lowest values of carcass weight were observed in the Provinces of Łódź and Lublin, and in the Lubuskie and West Pomeranian province, respectively. The average carcass weight of red deer varies significantly subject to the month of the hunting season. The heaviest stags are hunter-harvested in September, and the heaviest hinds and calves in December and February, respectively.
Detailed knowledge of demographic parameters (such as age structure and reproduction rates) is crucial for guiding conservation and management decisions regarding wildlife populations. Such parameters of wild ring-necked pheasant populations in the current agricultural landscape remain very poorly described. We researched age structure and reproduction rates of predominantly wild populations of the ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus L.) across the intensively managed agricultural landscape of the Czech Republic. The study area is influenced only marginally by hand-reared pheasants (i.e. as shown by comparison of the average number of released individuals in the study area: 0.3 ♂/yr/1km2 and 0.9 ♀/yr/1km2 and average number of released individuals and harvested in the study area: 8.6 ♂/yr/1km2) and there is a long-term huntable pheasant population. To determine the age of individuals, we used proximal primary feather shaft diameters of 1487 feather samples from males hunted between 2009 and 2011. Moreover, we evaluated the age structure of females as well as both sexes together based on the sex ratio and annual game census. We found a relatively high proportion of adults in the population in comparison with other studies. However, the number of adults decreased throughout the years: 2009 (♂ 44.7%; ♀ 69.5%; ♂♀ 60.7%), 2010 (♂ 35.2%; ♀ 61.3%; ♂♀ 51.5%), 2011 (♂ 29.8%; ♀ 57.4%; ♂♀ 47.0%). The decrease of adults went hand in hand with increase of juveniles and reproduction rates of the study population: 2009 (♂ 124%; ♀ 44%; ♂♀ 65%), 2010 (♂ 184%; ♀ 63%; ♂♀ 94%), 2011 (♂ 236%; ♀ 74%; ♂♀ 113%). Only males were hunted in the study area so we determined higher proportions of females in population for all years. This is the main reason why the reproduction rate of females was lower in percentage expression. Generally, our results showed lower productivity of pheasants in the Czech agricultural landscape in comparison with earlier published studies conducted in the US and UK. However, these studies were published many years ago and thus do not reflect the actual environmental conditions and changes which took place recently (i.e. agricultural intensification).
The mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is a host to internal and external parasites. A heavy parasite burden indicates poor immunological status and a pathogen-contaminated environment. The present study describes the macroscopic and microscopic examination of isolated intestines and gizzards of 130 mallard ducks from birds kept in the breeding farm. Scrapings of intestinal mucosa were examined by flotation and with the sedimentation method. The results of the flotation method indicate the presence of coccidia oocysts in the ileum scrapings from one of five male mallards aged six weeks, one out of five aged 10 weeks and three out of five aged 12 weeks. In female mallards, oocysts were found in two of five birds aged 12 weeks and in two of five aged 16 weeks. No macroscopic lesions were found in the intestinal mucosa. Adult forms of the nematode Amidostomum anseris were found in the gizzards of six mallards aged 20 weeks and in two aged 22 weeks. The relatively low prevalence of parasitic infections reflects the purity of the environment, good immunity status of the birds and good management of the farm.
In total, 240 nest boxes for water birds were assessed during 2006 − 2010 at six localities in South Bohemia region (Czech Republic). Occupancy and nest effect rate of the boxes was monitored. Subsequently there was analysed relation between the box occupancy and potential factors affecting this quantity
Besides the direct as well as indirect (basic rock powders) fertilizers, the different types of stimulative substances for production of high quality plantation stock as well as for support of young plantations in situ can be used. Aim of the presented study was the evaluation of the effects of different types of Bio-Algeen preparates on the growth and prosperity of planting stock, produced in the Forest Nursery Bukovina. Particular aims were defined: to stimulate the vitality and size of the root systems of planting stock produced, to improve the vitality of the planting stock, to accelerate the planting stock growth, to increase the resistance and vitality of out-planted material on the forest site. The obtained results showed very good production as well as economical effects of the Bio-Algeen preparates in the forest nursery. The biomass increased significantly and it can be assumed the better status and growth later after plantation on the forest lands.
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