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Określono skład i właściwości antyoksydacyjne znajdujących się w sprzedaży detalicznej soków cytrusowych i z owoców krajowych talach, jak: czarna porzeczka, aronia i jabłka. Właściwości przeciwutleniające określano podając stężenie badanej próby powodujące 50-procentową redukcję wolnych rodników DPPH(IC50). Największe właściwości przeciwutleniające wykazywały soki z czarnych porzeczek (IC50 = 22-45 µl) oraz z aronii (IC50 = 30-33 µl), natomiast najmniejsze sok z jabłek (IC50 = 90-110 µl). Wartości IC50 soków cytrusowych mieściły się w przedziale 40-70 µll. Właściwości antyoksydacyjne soków z czarnej porzeczki, aronii oraz jabłek zależały głównie od zawartości polifenoli, zaś soków grejpfrutowych od ilości występującej w nich witaminy C. W przypadku soków pomarańczowych właściwości te zależały praktycznie w równym stopniu od obu rozpatrywanych składników.
The trypsin inhibitory effect of phenolic extracts from different plant foodstuffs: two bean varieties, black and green tea and quince fruits as well as of standard phenolic compounds: ( + )catechin, (-)epicatechin, gallic acid and tannic acid, was investigated. Monomeric tannin precursors exhibited 1000-times lower activity in the trypsin inhibition than high-molecular tannic acid. All of the plant phenolic extracts used in the experiments showed high level of the trypsin inhibition except for white bean one. Black tea polyphenols exhibited the highest inhibitory potency. The salting out of high molecular polyphenols reduced trypsin inhibiting effect of the examined extracts by 14-68%.
The establishment of callus and cell suspension cultures of Eleutherococcus senticosus was reported. The four callus lines were obtained from stolon and bud explants from a fieldgrown plant. They were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) agar media, supplemented with 30 g/l sucrose, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (1 mg/l), α-naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA; 1 mg/l) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0.5 mg/ l). The cell suspension culture was also maintained in SH liquid medium with the same growth regulators and sucrose (50 g/l). HP LC analysis showed that the cultures produced chlorogenic acid. The highest accumulation of the compound was detected in the cell culture (29.7 mg/g d.w.); it was 15 times the average level reported for starting callus, several times as much as roots, and far more than leaves of intact plants.
Due to constantly increasing antibiotic resistance of pathogens and participation of the biofilms they make in various types of infections, a development of alternative therapeutic strategies becomes an urgent need. Taking advantage of the biological activity of plant-derived compounds can solve this problem. In this study antimicrobial, including those synergistic with classic antibiotics, and cytotoxic properties of newly-obtained extracts from Vaccinium myrtillus leaves (VLE) and Frangula alnus bark (FBE) were evaluated. Both tested extracts exhibited relevant antistaphylococcal activity (MIC range 0.75-1.5 mg/mL) accompanied by a relativly low cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells (BI>1). Phytochemical analysis of the extracts tested showed a high total content of phenolic compounds with the predominance of hydroxycinnamic acids in VLE and hydroxybenzoic acids and flavanols in FBE. Widely described in the literature antimicrobial properties of phenolics were probably connected with the biological activity of the extracts tested. We also report that the presence of VLE or FBE at sub-MIC concentrations enhances biocidal potential of vancomycin and linezolid. Therefore, we are considering a possibility of an alternative therapy for local infections caused by S. aureus by combining classic antibiotics with plant-derived extracts.
 The objective was an assessment of the impact of Leonurus cardiaca L. extract (LCE) and ursolic acid (UA) on the adhesive properties of Staphylococus aureus NCTC 8325 strain, expressing virulence factors important in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. The adhesion and biofilm formation of bacteria cultured in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of LCE or UA on the abiotic surface or covered with fibrinogen, fibronectin or collagen, were evaluated. Inhibitory effects of LCE and UA on staphylococcal adherence to both types of surface were demonstrated. This, in the case of UA, resulted in a significant reduction of biofilm formation.
Many experimental studies have demonstrated the favorable biological activities of plants belonging to the genus Rubus, but little is known of the role of Rubus leaf extracts in the modulation of the surface membrane expression and activity of endothelial apyrase. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of 1–15 μg/ml Rubus extracts on CD39 expression and enzymatic activity, and on the activation (ICAM-1 expression) and viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The polyphenolic contents and antioxidative capacities of extracts from dewberry (R. caesius L.) and raspberry (R. idaeus L.) leaves were also investigated. The techniques applied were flow cytometry (endothelial surface membrane expression of ICAM-1 and CD39), malachite green assay (CD39 activity), HPLC-DAD (quantitative analysis of polyphenolic extract), ABTS, DPPH and FRAP spectrometric assays (antioxidant capacity), and the MTT test (cell viability). Significantly increased CD39 expressions and significantly decreased ATPDase activities were found in the cells treated with 15 μg/ml of either extract compared to the results for the controls. Neither of the extracts affected cell proliferation, but both significantly augmented endothelial cell ICAM-1 expression. The overall antioxidant capacities of the examined extracts remained relatively high and corresponded well to the determined total polyphenol contents. Overall, the results indicate that under in vitro conditions dewberry and raspberry leaf extracts have unfavorable impact on endothelial cells.
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