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Based on the energy consumption data of power industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 1995 to 2014, our paper first estimated CO₂ emissions using the IPCC carbon accounting methods. Then, starting from the perspective of the power industry chain – including power generation, transmission, and final consumption – we established the hierarchical LMDI decomposition model; decomposed driving factors of CO₂ emissions into effects of fuel mix; the coal consumption rate; power generation structure; the ratio of power generation to consumption, transmission, and distribution losses; production sectors’ electricity intensity; industrial structure; household electricity intensity; economic scale; and population size. Results show that: 1. During 1995-2014, CO₂ emissions of power industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region developed in fluctuation and showed a rising trend in general, with annual average growth rate of 5.93%. 2. The factors that drive the growth of CO₂ emissions from the power industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are, in order, economic scale, population size, transmission and distribution losses, and industrial structure, with a contribution rate of 150.70%, 20.80%, 8.86%, and 8.83%. The factors that drive CO₂ emissions reduction are production sectors’ electricity intensity, the coal consumption rate, the ratio of electricity generation and consumption, household electricity intensity, power generation structure, and fuel mix, with a contribution rate of -45.97%, -22.38%, -19.41%, -0.62%, -0.49%, and -0.32%, respectively
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC) is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of peritoneal fibrosis. EMT is at least in part caused by repeated exposure to glucose degradation products (GDPs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO). MiRNA contributes greatly to the EMT of PMCs. In this study, we tried to profile whether differences exist between the peritoneal membrane (PM) miRNA expression seen in control rats and that seen in rats injected intraperitoneally with MGO. We assessed whether miR-30b has a possible role in MGO-induced EMT of PMCs in rats. Comparative miRNA expression array and real-time PCR analyses were conducted for the control group at the start of the experiment and for the MGO group after 1 and 2 weeks. During the second week, the MGO rats were treated with: a chemically modified antisense RNA oligonucleotide (ASO) complementary to the mature miR-30b (ASO group); an miR-30b mismatch control sequence (MIS group); or a citrate buffer (EMT group). Bioinformatic analyses indicated that the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) mRNA did contain a putative binding site for miR-30b. We also tried to investigate whether miR-30b targeted BMP7 in vitro by transfection. Of the upregulated miRNAs, miR-30b expression demonstrated the greatest increase. The administration of miR-30b ASO for two weeks significantly reduced α-SMA excretion and upregulated E-cadherin and BMP-7 expression. Our in vitro study showed that miR-30b directly targeted and inhibited BMP7 by binding to its 3’-UTR. Our results revealed that miR-30b is involved in MGO-induced EMT of PMCs in rats.
The objective of this study was to describe laparoscopic-assisted colopexy (LAC) technique, and compare the extent of the surgical trauma after LAC and open colopexy (OC) by examing postoperative serum values of C-reactive protein (CRP) in dogs. Twelve healthy mixed-breed dogs with body weight ranging from 15 to 25 kg were used. Two portal sites were used for LAC procedures. OC was performed by laparotomy on linea alba. Colopexy was accomplished in all dogs without major intraoperative and postoperative complications. A permanent adhesion between the colon and abdominal wall was observed. There were statistically significant differences in serum CRP levels between LAC and OC immediately after the procedure and 1 d post operation. LAC had a similar pexy effect to OC, but had fewer surgical trauma than OC in dogs.
The objective of this study was to examine the association between β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and glucose, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and vitamin C concentrations in dairy healthy and with subclinical ketosis cows during an early lactation period. The blood from 99 healthy cows and 26 sub-clinically ketotic cows within the first two months of lactation was sampled. Serum concentration of BHBA was measured by enzymatic-rate method, glucose by oxidase method, and P by colorimetric method. These tests were performed in a biochemical auto-analyser. Serum Ca concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrometer followed by acid digestion. Vitamin C was measured by HPLC. The results showed that in ketotic cows serum BHBA was significantly increased (P<0.01) and glucose and Ca concentrations were significantly decreased (P<0.01) as compared to healthy cows, while vitamin C and P concentrations were similar in the both groups of cows (P>0.05). The serum BHBA concentration was negatively correlated with the serum glucose and Ca concentrations (P<0.01). Vitamin C and P status of cows with subclinical ketosis was not affected by BHBA. Serum Ca concentration can be used as a reference index for the diagnosis of subclinical ketosis.
The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family is a hotspot for diverse functions in development biology. Recently available whole-genome sequences allowed a more comprehensive analysis of WOX genes in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). The results of this study provide a genomic framework for further research of watermelon WOX genes and contribute to understanding of the evolutionary mode of WOX genes in Cucurbitaceae crops. The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated active expression of 11 WOX genes in watermelon tissues, which brings new evidence for WOX genes acting as conserved factors during watermelon development. Moreover, the distinct expression profiles of WOX genes during shoot initiation might lead todifferent shoot regeneration abilities. This work gives an overview of the differentially expressed WOX genes during shoot regeneration inwatermelon. The interrelations of WOX genes, phytohormones and other transcription factors during the process will be the focus of future studies.
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