A restriction of the name Anadenidae Pilsbry, 1948 to Asian species, i.e. members of the genus Anadenus Heynemann, 1862, is proposed. Anadenus (A.) nepalensis n. sp. is described. The following names are synonymized: Anadenus Heynemann, 1862 = Gymnanadenus Bhatia, 1926 syn. n.; Anadenus altivagus (Theobald, 1862) = Limax modestus Theobald, 1862 syn. n. = A. schlagintweiti Heynemann, 1862 syn. n. = A. jerdoni Godwin-Austen, 1882 syn. n. = A. beebei Cockerell, 1913 syn. n. = A. dalhousiensis Bhatia, 1926 syn. n. = A. (Gymnanadenus) matthaii Bhatia, 1926 syn. n. Names of unclear status are regarded as nomina dubia: Anadenus banerjeei Rajagopal, 1973; A. dautzenbergi, Collinge, 1900; A. giganteus Heynemann, 1862; A. insignis Godwin-Austen, 1882 and A. sinensis Möllendorff, 1899. All the known species-level taxa are discussed, based on the type material, museum specimens and newly acquired material. The descriptions, illustrated with original figures and photos, include external appearance, taxonomically useful characters of internal structure, especially genitalia, localities and numerous comments on taxonomy; an original identification key to species is provided.