Wyniki wyszukiwania

Sortuj według:

Ogranicz wyniki do:

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Effect of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. essential oils on toxicity, food consumption, and biochemical properties of lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

100%

Yazdani E., Sendi J. J., Hajizadeh J.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2014

tom 54

nr 1

The essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. were investigated for their toxicity and physiological aspects on the lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Walker in controlled condition (24±1°C, 75±5% RH and 16L : 8D). The leaf disc method was used to study acute toxicity, the effect of LC10, LC30, and LC50 on the feeding efficiency of 4th instar larva, and biochemical indices. The essential oil doses of LC10, LC30 and LC50 were estimated to be 0.107%, 0.188% and 0.279% for T. vulgaris, and 0.67%, 1.173% and 1.728% for O. vulgare, respectively. The results showed that T. vulgaris was more toxic than O. vulgare. The essential oil sublethal dose LC30 affected the nutritional indices of 4th instar larvae of G. pyloalis. The essential oils reduced total protein, carbohydrate, and lipid. Some concentrations of essential oils changed the activity level of α-amylase, protease, lipase, general esterases, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) but others showed no effect on these enzymes. It was concluded that the used essential oil concentrations were both toxic to G. pyloalis and showed irreversible effects on key metabolic processes, therefore, the used essential oil concentrations may be considered as alternatives to the classic pest control agents.

Cellular energy allocation in the predatory bug, Andrallus spinidens Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), following sublethal exposure to diazinon, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos

76%

Chitgar M. G., Hajizadeh J., Ghadamyari M., Karimi-Malati A., Sharifi M., Hoda H.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2014

tom 54

nr 1

It is necessary to study the biochemical changes in insects exposed to toxicants if we want to predict the potential of various chemicals on the natural enemy. Physiological energy, as a biochemical biomarker, may be affected by many pesticides including organophosphate compounds. Therefore, in this study, the sublethal effects of diazinon, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos on the cellular energy allocation (CEA) of the predatory bug, Andrallus spinidens Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a potential biological control agent, was studied on 5th-instar nymphs. Among the energy reserves of the A. spinidens nymphs, only total protein was significantly affected by pesticide treatments, and the highest value was observed in chlorpyrifos treatment. The energy available (Ea) and energy consumption (Ec) in A. spinidens were significantly affected by these pesticides. In exposed bugs, these parameters were affected by fenitrothion and chlorpyrifos more than diazinon. The activity of the electron transport system (ETS) in the Ec assay showed that A. spinidens exposed to chlorpyrifos had the highest rate of oxygen consumption. Although, there was no significant change in CEA, the insecticides caused a marked change in the physiological balance of A. spinidens. The results suggested that the adverse effect of these insecticides on A. spinidens should be considered in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Plant Protection Research

2 Hajizadeh J.

1 Chitgar M. G.

1 Ghadamyari M.

1 Hoda H.

1 Karimi-Malati A.

1 Sendi J. J.

1 Sharifi M.

1 Yazdani E.

2 2014

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Effect of Thymus vulgaris L. and Origanum vulgare L. essential oils on toxicity, food consumption, and biochemical properties of lesser mulberry pyralid Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Cellular energy allocation in the predatory bug, Andrallus spinidens Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), following sublethal exposure to diazinon, fenitrothion, and chlorpyrifos