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The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the first part or full capsid gene (VP60) of EBHSV and RHDV. The fragment covered full capsid gene and the most part of gene contained in ORF2 of EBHSV was also obtained. The specificity of PCR products was checked by digestion with restriction enzymes.
Polish strains of EBHS virus isolated in 1992 (NP11/92) and in 1988 (L/98) were compared with standard Italian and French strains by restriction analysis of fragment coding the first part of capsid protein (VP60). The 726 bp fragment of capsid protein gene of strains tested was obtained by RT-PCR. The digestion of 726 bp fragments by BamH I endonuclease, revealed the same restriction profile for strain L/98 as Italian standard strain. These fragments of strain NP11/92 and French standard strain were not digested by BamH I. Endonuclease Sma I did not digested the amplified fragment of strains tested. The 726 bp fragment of strain L/98 demonstrated different restriction profiles for BsuR I and Hpa II enzymes in comparison with strain NP11/92 and standard strains. These results revealed differences in restriction profiles of fragment coding the first part of VP60 of Polish strains in comparison with standard strains and also between two Polish strains isolated in 1992 and 1998. These differences suggest the possibility of genotype changes of Polish EBHS strains isolated in different years.
The standard strain and 78 field samples of rabbit haemorrhagic disease were tested by the haemagglutination test (HA) and ELISA. The occurrence of 17% false negative results in HA test was demonstrated. The results of studies of 30 out of 78 samples examined by the ELISA prepared in our laboratory in comparison with commercial kit are presented. The high correlation of results obtained in ELISA kits was observed. The structural proteins of 17 viral sarnples were analysed by the SDS-Page and Western blot methods. HA positive samples demonstrated the presence of major structural protein with molecular weight of about 60 kD and in some samples the protein with m.w. of 38 kD. In HA false negative samples the proteins of about 60 and 26-28 kD were demonstrated. The viral proteins recognized by positive rabbit homologic and hare heterologic sera, did not react with negative rabbit serum.
The aim of the studies was differentiation of EBHS and RHD viruses by amplification of the fragment coding the first part of the capsid protein (VP60) and digestion of this fragment by restriction endonucleases. The fragments of 4 strains of EBHS (two Polish isolated in 1992 and 1998; two standard Italian and French) and 5 strains of RHD (Polish strains isolated in 1988, 1994, 1997 and 1998) viruses were amplified by RT-PCR with the use of primers selected for each virus. The specific fragments of 726 bp of EBHS and 734 bp of RHD viruses were demonstrated after amplification with the use of primers selected for each virus. Negative results were obtained when primers selected for the RHD virus were used to amplify the fragment of EBHS virus and on the contrary. The hybridisation by the Southern blot method revealed the cross reaction of DIG-Iabelled probes prepared for each virus. The endonucleases BamH I and Pst I were used in the restriction analysis of fragments. The 734 bp fragments of all strains of RHD virus digested by BamH I and Pst I enzymes demonstrated the same restriction profiles. The 726 bp fragments of strains of EBHS virus were not digested by Pst I, whereas in two strains (standard Italian and Polish isolated in 1988) after digestion with BamH I different restriction profiles in comparison with RHD virus were demonstrated.
Eight Polish strains of European brown hare syndrome virus, isolated in 1992-93, 1998 and 2001, as well as 2 standard strains: French (F/st) and Italian (It/st) were analysed. The fragments of genome, including the capsid protein gene, were amplified by RT-PCR or N-PCR and digested by endonucleases: Xho I, Sst I, BamH I, Sma I, Hpa II and BsuR I. The results of restriction enzyme digestion were compared with restriction maps, obtained after computer analysis of nucleotide sequences of other European strains, available in GenBank. The results of analysis of Polish strains, isolated in different years, revealed the changes in restriction profiles between them and other European strains. The 3 out of 5 Polish strains detected in 1992-93 demonstrated the same restriction profiles, similar to French "GD" strain. The two other strains revealed, for same endonucleases, restriction patterns similar to ltalian "BS89" or German strains. The strains isolated in 1998 and 2001 demonstrated higher differences in restriction profiles in comparison with Polish and other European strains previously detected. These changes in nucleotide scquences of the part of genome studied, indicate the diversity of EBHSV.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2010
|
tom 66
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nr 07
s.439-443,rys.,fot.,tab.,bibliogr.
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the most common cause of hepatitis in humans all over the world. Non-enveloped HAV is classified to the Picornaviridae family. The virus is highly resistant to physico-chemical factors. The genome contains the single-strand RNA encoding a long polyprotein. This polyprotein is used to form four structural and seven non-structural proteins in the post translating process. All polyprotein cleavage sites have not been identified, yet infection with HAV frequently occurs through the consumption of contaminated food or water. The disease is often asymptomatic in young children. In older children and adults different clinical symptoms may be observed, from mild (without jaundice) to severe liver failure. In many regions of the world the disease occurs endemically and in developed countries outbreaks and epidemics are noted. Inactivated vaccines are used in specific protection.
CPIV-2 and CAY-2 antigens were prepared by the multiplication of the viruses in Vero and MDCK cell lines. Two hundred and ninety sera, including 45 sera collected from dogs under 3 months of life, were tested by the hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). 34.3% out of 245 adult dog sera reacted with CPIV-2 and 31.8% reacted with CAV-2. The percentage of animals seropositive to CPIV-2 and CAV-2 among young dogs was 42.2% and 48.9%, respectively. The HI titres with CPIV-2 ranged from 40 to 160, and with CAV-2 from 10 to 80.
The 18 RHDV strains, isolated between 1993 and 2005 in Poland, as well as one standard strain were used in these studies. The RT-PCR technique was carried out in order to amplify the 538 bp fragment located in the variable region of gene encoding capsid protein (VP60). The phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of 18 Polish and 25 foreign strains revealed that Polish strains were clustered to 4 genogroups. One of them from 1993 was grouped together with old European strains isolated between 1987 and 1990. Thirteen strains isolated between 1994 and 2004, as well as two strains isolated in 1994 and 1996, were clustered to two separate genetic groups. Two strains detected in 2004 and 2005, were located in genogroup of antigenic variants. The maximum nucleotide divergence among Polish strains (10.3%) was found between strain isolated in 1996 and antigenic variants. The alignment of deduced amino acid sequences of the VP60 confirmed the localisation of 2 Polish strains in genetic group of antigenic variants. The identical amino acid substitutions in the same positions, like in other antigenic variants, were observed. The relation between antigenic properties and genetic variations of strains was taken under consideration.
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