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During the early adulthood health promoting behaviors are created, but also risky behaviors increase. The research of health behavior is believed to be currently a valid method for estimating the health status of the population. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the health behaviors of young adults studying at various courses in Bydgoszcz universities. The study involved 313 people studying in the fields of health and engineering. The study used the Inventory of Health Behaviors (IoHB) by Z. Juczyński. Throughout the treatment group an average level of health-related behavior was shown. The highest level of health-related behavior has been shown in a group of students of Nutrition, the lowest in the group of students of Construction. The results of the students related to health were higher than the results of engineering courses. The women’s results were higher than men’s results. Special attention should be paid to health education of young people in order to form proper pro-health attitudes.
Background: The study discusses the differences in the levels of satisfaction withlife (SWL) and a sense of coherence (SOC) in disabled sedentary people, disabled persons performing leisure sports and competitive disabled athletes. Material/Methods: The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance, Pearson-correlation and a linear regression. Results: The results indicate that sport elicits an insignificant increase in SWL and SOC. SOC correlates with SWL in sedentary disabled and competitive disabled athletes. In disabled persons performing leisure sports, the level of physical activity must be tuned in order to elicit a congruent increase in SWL and SOC. Conclusions: Continued research on sport and wellness interventions for the individuals with disabilities is recommended. A critical emerging issue is to develop and promote evidence-based sport and wellness programs for physically disabled people in the Republic of Poland.
Introduction. The incidence of low back pain has led to the search of the most optimal methods of treatment of this condition, including physical therapy. The study focuses on three such methods: peloid therapy, ultrasound therapy, and magnet therapy. Material and Methods. The study sample comprised 70 patients with chronic low back pain resulting from the overload pain syndrome and/or degenerative changes of the joints of the spine. The patients were divided into three groups undergoing three different types of physical therapy: Group I – peat therapy, Group II – ultrasound therapy, and Group III – a wide range of magnet therapy. The VAS scale, Laitinen’s questionnaire, Schober’s test and Oswestry Disability Index were used to assess the effectiveness of the therapeutic methods. Results. In each group of patients, a statistically significant improvement was attained in all tested variables. Comparing the results between treatment groups, a statistically significant difference in the results of the VAS scale was found (with the best results in the group undergoing ultrasound therapy). Posttherapy results of Laitinen’s questionnaire, Schober test and the Oswestry Disability Index revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions. Peloid therapy, ultrasound therapy and magnet therapy used on patients with low back pain, showed analgesic effects, increased patients’ physical activity, and decreased their degree of disability.
The objective of this study is to check whether the type of sport is important for the development of the dual career in professional sport. This study utilised the Chi-square test of the independence measurement model and student’s T test. It also analysed 7 scenarios. A final survey-list consisted of the 38 items of competences and it was completed by 243 young people who took part in this study; the sample included 151 (67.7%) athletes training individual disciplines and 72 (32.3%) team disciplines. The statistically significant results between the groups are in terms of competence (scenarios 3 and 6). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of life experience. Results in both parts of the study confirmed the three hypotheses. It turned out that the type of sport does not affect the course of the dual career in professional athletes.
Background: Gonarthrosis is the most common form of osteoarthritis and it is included in the group of civilization diseases. Searching for the optimal treatment of this disease is still ongoing. Physical treatment methods play an important role. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of laser therapy and cryotherapy in the treatment of the symptoms of degenerative changes in the knee joint. Material and methods: The study involved 40 patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the knee. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 20) were patients who used low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Group II (n = 20) were patients who used cryotherapy. Before and after surgery, all patients were examined in the following areas: assessment of pain using the VAS (Visual-Analogue Scale); Pain assessment questionnaire modified by Laitinen; Sit-up test; measurement of circumference of knee joints. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 12.5. Results: The study has demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the reduction of pain, a reduction in the swelling of knee joints and an improvement in the functionality of patients in both groups, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions: Both low level laser therapy and cryotherapy proved to be effective treatments for the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. There were no statistically significant differences in the efficacy of low level laser therapy and cryotherapy.
Background: ‪The objective of this study was to check whether the type of education is related to the development of a dual career in professional sport. Material and methods: ‪This study used the Chi-square test of independence and Student’s t test to analyze 7 scenarios (not experienced and experienced) presented to the participants. A final survey-list, consisting of 38 items of competences (possession and importance) and completed by 243 young people: 218 (89.7%) athletes obtaining secondary education and 25 (10.3%) obtaining or having higher education. Results: ‪There were statistically significant differences between people with higher education and secondary education in terms of possessed competences, but there were no statistically significant differences between higher education and secondary education in terms of the importance of competences. There were statistically significant differences between people with secondary education and people with higher education in experiencing scenario 1 and 5. Conclusions: ‪The results of both studies confirmed three hypotheses. It turned out that the level of education is related to the course of athletes’ dual career. Of particular importance are the athletes’ social competences and life experience.
Introduction. Swimming has become a very popular form of physical activity mainly due to its wholesome influence on the human body. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of swimming training on the functional mobility and flexibility of young female swimmers. It is believed that swimming has a beneficial impact on the basic flexibility and functional mobility parameters. Material and Methods. Nine young female swimmers, members of the swimming team from 5th Secondary Sport School in Bydgoszcz took part in the study. The girls’ functional mobility and flexibility in were determined twice the sagittal plane with the use of the FMS test and “Eurofit” test, respectively. The bend of the torso in the frontal plane was also assessed. The differences in results were measured with Student’s t-test, and the value of changes was determined using the Mollison index. Results. A slight increase in the final FMS test result was noted in the second examination, compared with the first one: from 16.88 ± 1.76 to 17.22 ± 2.28. In 25-35% of cases the risk of overloading muscles as well as the positive impact of training on flexibility levels in the sagittal and frontal planes (during a bend to the left) was detected: from 26.44 ± 9.73 to 29.66 ± 7.92, and from 23.33 ± 2.45 to 25.11 ± 3.18, respectively. The Mollison index revealed the most positive results in the rotational stability of the torso (1.65) and the range of the lateral bend to the left (0.73), while negative values were only found in the in-line lunge and chest mobility range (–0.42). Conclusions. The results of the study confirm that swimming training has a positive impact on the body of young swimmers (increased mobility and flexibility). It is of vital importance to undertake further research on the effects of swimming on the mobility of the human body.
Dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) together with adrenaline and noradrenaline belong to the group of catecholamines present in different tissues, predominantly in the nervous system, where they function as neurotransmitters. Our choice of the genetic determinants of the dopaminergic system disorders for the main topic of our project study was influenced by a wide spectrum of influence which the system has on the functions of an organism connected with, for example, its adaptive response to physical effort (it is the very adrenergic system that physiologists call the “work and fight” and even the “fight and flight” system). It is, for example, proven by the confirmed influence of dopaminergic mechanisms on blood pressure, widening of bronchi and a mobilization of energetic substrates. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning another importance of dopamine recognized by psychologists and psychiatrists as the hormone of “motivation, thrill and adventure seeking”, which in sport can be of key importance. That is why we would like to link these two areas – genetic and psychological.
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