The beta 3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by ADRB3 gene and involved in regulation of lipolysis and homeostasis. The objective of this study was to detect the genetic variation existed in this gene in eight domestic and wild pig populations. The polymorphism of partial sequences of ADRB3 gene in 336 pigs was analysed by single strand conformation polymorphism technique based on PCR (PCR-SSCP). Fst statistic and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) were used to measure the genetic differentiation. The genetic distances between populations were computed and a phylogenic tree was reconstructed by the unweighted pair group method using the arithmetic mean. Five haplotypes named A, B, C, D and E were detected with the frequencies ranging from 0.060 for E to 0.324 for A. The reliability of all haplotype frequencies reached 0.95. The haplotypes involved four polymorphic sites, of which one located in exon 2 with a thymine insertion, and the remaining three in non-coding regions with G/A and G/T substitutions, respectively. The thymine insertion resulted in the absence of two amino acids in the sequence of receptor protein. The haplotype diversity ranged from 0.579±0.057 in pure wild Liaoning to 0.792±0.024 in Mashen pigs, indicating abundant genetic diversity to exist in the populations. The Fst estimates showed that the degree of population differentiation between domestic and Wild pigs was moderate, but at a lower level within domestic populations. About 94.38% of the genetic variation originated from within the populations by AMOVA.
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