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1

Salt tolerance in two tall wheatgrass species is associated with selective capacity for Kplus over Naplus

100%
Gao Q., Meng L., Mao P.-C., Tian X.-X.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2015
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tom 37
|
nr 01
Decaploid Elytrigia elongata (tall wheatgrass) is a halophytic relative of wheat that is used to improve salt tolerance of wheat in China. However, the physiological mechanisms for the salt tolerance of decaploid E. elongata remain elusive. To further gain insights into mechanisms important for salt tolerance, we present here a comparative study of salt tolerance in salt-sensitive tetraploid E. elongata (PI578686) and salt-tolerant decaploid E. elongata (PI276399). Results showed that compared with PI578686, PI276399 exhibited a higher relative growth rate and a stronger selective absorption and -transport capacity for K⁺ over Na⁺ under high salt conditions (100–200 mM NaCl). This contributed to maintain lower net Na⁺ uptake rates and more efficiently control Na⁺ transport to the shoot in PI276399 than in PI578686. Meanwhile, this also resulted in lower reductions of tissue K⁺ concentrations as well as of net K⁺ uptake rates in PI276399 compared to PI578686. Taken together, our findings indicate that PI276399 has the stronger selectivity for K⁺ over Na⁺ contributing it to maintain lower Na⁺ uptake and K⁺ loss compared with PI578686 in the presence of high salt, and hence endowing the higher salt tolerance of PI276399.
2

Molecular cloning, expression, and in silico analysis of a long type peptidoglycan recognition protein from half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis (Actinopterygii: Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)

76%
Qi Z. T., Zhang Q. H., Wang Z. S., Qiu M., Huang Y., Gao Q.
Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
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2014
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tom 44
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nr 3
Background. Half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, 1873, a marine teleost, is an important aquaculture species of great economic value. In recent years, its farm production increase coincided, however, with the number of reported cases of bacterial diseases. Further understanding of its immune response to bacterial pathogens can provide more information on pathogenesis and how to prevent disease using immune-related strategy. Peptidoglycan (PGN) recognition proteins (PGRPs) play important roles in the innate immunity against bacterial infection. In the presently reported study, a long type PGRP in half-smooth tongue sole (csPGRP-L) was cloned, and its sequence features, PGN binding ability, and mRNA expressions in different tissues after bacterial infection were also analyzed. Materials and Methods. The full length of csPGRP-L cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR and RACE-PCR method, and its sequence features were analyzed by multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree. Meanwhile, its 3-D structure and PGN binding ability were analyzed by comparative modelling and molecular docking methods. Furthermore, the expressions of csPGRP-L in different tissues of healthy fish and fish infected with Streptococcus dysgalactiae were examined using quantitative real-time PCR method. Results. The full length of csPGRP-L cDNA was 1509 bp (GenBank accession No. HQ909441), with a 1446 bp of open reading frame (ORF) encoding 481 amino acids (aa), which possessed several conserved PGRP family features, e.g., a typical PGRP domain at its C-terminal, 3-D structure. Molecular docking showed that the csPGRP-L also possessed the PGN-binding ability. csPGRP-L was constitutive expressed in all the selected tissues from healthy fish and following S. dysgalactiae infection its expression was up-regulated in a tissue-specific expression pattern. Conclusion. The gene we cloned was exactly the homologue of vertebrates’ long type PGRP in half-smooth tongue sole which was confirmed by several analyses and the up-regulation of csPGRP-L after bacterial infection suggest that csPGRP-L plays important role in antibacterial and anti-infective action.
3

Effects of long-term nitrogen fertilizer application on rhizosphere microorganisms under different soil types

76%
Li M., Wang T., Li L., Gao Q., Gao Y., Liu S., Wang H.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2019
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tom 28
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nr 3
The application of nitrogen fertilizers can improve the soil environment and influence the nutrition and quality of plants; there are also significant impacts of soil types on soil microbial communities. Research on the coupling effects between the rates of nitrogen fertilizer and the soil types on soil microbial metabolic activities under field conditions are currently lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect of five different N fertilization rates on three types of soils (meadow black, alluvial, and sandy soil) that were over 8-year-long planted maize. Illumina Miseq sequencing methods were used to characterize the soil microbial communities. Real-time PCR were adopted to calculate the relative abundance of N, C, and P-cycling functional microbial. Results indicated that different N rates can significantly change soil available nutrients and effectively reduce soil pH. The structure of the soil bacterial communities and diversity did not change after the fertilization of N during the study period. However, it can be found that soil types can substantially influence the structure of bacterial communities in soil, meanwhile, there was a significant correlation between pH and the composition of bacterial communities. Although the composition of the soil microbial community did not influence the fertilization rate of N, they can be indirectly affected by pH. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in the relative abundances of the nutrient cycling functional genes of the rhizosphere soil under different nitrogen levels, with nitrogen application and soil type the main influencing factors. The results showed that the excessive application of N fertilizer did not increase the yields of maize, thus it is important to investigate the reasonable fertilization rates of N fertilizer to protect the ecological balance of crop soils.
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