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1

A coexisting anatomical variation of median and ulnar nerves in a cadaver palm

100%
Natsis K., Karanassos M. T., Papathanasiou E., Noussios G.
Folia Morphologica
|
2012
|
tom 71
|
nr 4
During a routine dissection we observed an anatomical variation of the median nerve and an atypical anastomosis in the palm region of a male cadaver. There were four distinct recurrent motor branches of the left median nerve, and the palmar cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve communicated directly with the third common palmar digital nerve. The presence of such an anatomical variant in the hand should keep surgeons alert in the management of hand pathology especially in carpal tunnel syndrome, which is a routine operation for many medical centres. (Folia Morphol 2012; 71, 4: 269–274)
2

Anatomic study of infrapopliteal vessels

88%
Lappas D., Stavropoulos N. A., Noussios G., Sakellariou V., Skandalakis P.
Folia Morphologica
|
2012
|
tom 71
|
nr 3
The purpose of this project is to study and analyse the anatomical variations of the infrapopliteal vessels concerning their branching pattern. A reliable sample of one hundred formalin-fixed adult cadavers was dissected by the Anatomical Laboratory of Athens University. The variations can be classified in the following way: the normal branching of the popliteal artery was present in 90%. The remainder revealed variant branching patterns: hypoplastic or aplastic posterior tibial artery and the pedis arteries arising from the peroneal (3%); hypoplastic or aplastic anterior tibial artery (1.5%); and the dorsalis pedis formed by two equal branches, arising from the peroneal and the anterior tibial artery (2%). The variations were more frequent in females and in short-height individuals. Knowledge of these variations is rather important for any invasive technic concerning lower extremities. (Folia Morphol 2012; 71, 3: 164–167)
3

Anatomical variants of the emissary veins: unilateral aplasia of both the sigmoid sinus and the internal jugular vein and development of the petrosquamosal sinus. A rare case report

76%
Kiritsi O., Noussios G., Tsitas K., Chouridis P., Lappas D., Natsis K.
Folia Morphologica
|
2011
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tom 70
|
nr 4
We report a case of hypoplasia of the right transverse sinus and aplasia of the ipsilateral sigmoid sinus and the internal jugular vein. In addition, development of the petrosquamosal sinus and the presence of a large middle meningeal sinus and sinus communicans were observed. A 53-year-old Caucasian woman was referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation due to chronic headache. On the MRI scan a solitary meningioma was observed. Finally MR 2D venography revealed this extremely rare variant. (Folia Morphol 2011; 70, 4: 305–308)
4

A rare case of bilateral supernumerary heads of sternocleidomastoid muscle and its clinical impact

76%
Natsis K., Asouchidou I., Vasileiou M., Papathanasiou E., Noussios G., Paraskevas G.
Folia Morphologica
|
2009
|
tom 68
|
nr 1
The sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) functions as a landmark for physicians such as anatomists, orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and anaesthesiologists, who intervene in the minor supraclavicular fossa located at the base of the neck. The variability of SCM anatomy may cause complications while trying to access the vital elements that are located in the minor supraclavicular fossa. This study aims to present a case of supernumerary heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and to discuss its clinical significance. The cervical region of an elderly male cadaver was dissected and the findings were recorded and photographed. On both sides, the SCM muscle had an additional sternal head, and simultaneously there were three additional clavicular heads, four in total. These additional heads, the sternal and the clavicular, reduced the interval between them causing significant stenosis of the minor supraclavicular fossa. Sternocleidomastoid muscle variations with regard to the number of its heads are very rare in the literature, but this variation may cause severe complications. The minor supraclavicular fossa is important for anaesthesiologists because of the anterior central venous catheterization approach. Physicians should be aware of this anatomical variation in order to prevent complications. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 1: 52–54)
5

Persistent median artery in the carpal tunnel: anatomy, embryology, clinical significance, and review of the literature

76%
Natsis K., Iordache G., Gigis I., Kyriazidou A., Lazaridis N., Noussios G., Paraskevas G.
Folia Morphologica
|
2009
|
tom 68
|
nr 4
193-200
The median artery usually regresses after the eighth week of intrauterine life, but in some cases it persists into adulthood. The persistent median artery (PMA) passes through the carpal tunnel of the wrist, accompanying the median nerve. During anatomical dissection in our department, we found two unilateral cases of PMA originating from the ulnar artery. In both cases the PMA passed through the carpal tunnel, reached the palm, and anastomosed with the ulnar artery, forming a medio-ulnar type of superficial palmar arch. In addition, in both cases we observed a high division of the median nerve before entering the carpal tunnel. Such an artery may result in several complications such as carpal tunnel syndrome, pronator syndrome, or compression of the anterior interosseous nerve. Therefore, the presence of a PMA should be taken into consideration in clinical practice. This study presents two cases of PMA along with an embryological explanation, analysis of its clinical significance, and a review of the literature. The review of the literature includes cases observed during surgical procedures or anatomical dissections. Cases observed by means of imaging techniques were not included in the study. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 4: 193–200)
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