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Nutritive value of some market-available vegetables in chilled or apertized state was compared while taking into consideration losses of important nutrients during cooking of chilled products. Greenn pea, haricot bean and carrot were analyzed. Thianin, ascorbic acid, ß-carotene, chlorophilous dyesuffs, total sugars and protein were selected as the quality indices.
Attempts of working out method of obtainment of dyes from berries performed into juices and wines in Poland, such as black currant, elder or aronia were undertaken. An optimal output was obtained at the pH value of 1-2, while reduction of dye losses during storage took place at lowering of temperature from 20° to 4°C. Most appropriate proved to be the extraction method based on application of sulphurous acid and its salts. Samples of dried dyes were given a highes- timate of the Central Laboratory of Food Concentrates in Poznań.
The course and results of the production of dyes from dried and freezed black currant pomace in the Podhale Fruit-and- Vegetable Processing Enterprise at Tymbark are presented, The anthocyane dyes production method from pomaces of berry fruits worked out by the institute of Technical Biochemistry, Technical University of Łódź was applied. Stability of dried dye concentrates was estimated. The anthocyane losses were estimated after 1-year storage for 10 - 14%, and thus a highly stable product was obtained. In 1988 the production of the above dyes was permitted by the Union of Fruit -and - Vegetable Processing industry, A high qualitative estimate of concentrates was given by the Central Laboratory of Food Industry Concentrates in Poznań.
Oddziaływanie cukrów na antocyjany jest oceniane na ogół pozytywnie, ponieważ ich obecność hamuje tworzenie się brunatnych polimerów. W artykule przedstawiono badania szybkości degradacji antocyjanów i kwasu askorbinowego w roztworach o zróżnicowanym stężeniu sacharozy oraz zakres oddziaływania na siebie tych obu niestabilnych składników żywności.
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Fruits as bioflavanoids sources

51%
Flavanols and total polyphenols contents in selected fruits were analysed. It was found that apple, cherry, strawberry and briar rose are rich in biologically active mono and oligomeric forms of flavanols. On the other hand, the contents of these compounds in bilberry and chokeberry, fruits which are in anthocyanins, are very low.
Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity, total polyphenols and flavanols contents in various fruit species were investigated in relation to their susceptibility to browning processes. Marked differences in substrate affinities of PPO preparations from apples and pears were found. The rate of browning of (+)catechin solutions was higher for the apple PPO than for the pear enzyme. In contrast, the pear PPO catalysed an oxidation of (-)epicatechin to higher extent. Phenolic acids, i.e. chlorogenic and caffeic, were oxidised more slowly than catechins. It was observed that in pulps from fruits rich in polyphenoloxidase, e.g. from apples and pears, stored at room temperature, the browning process was accompanied by considerable losses of flavanols (40% after 1 h). In strawberry pulps exhibiting a low PPO activity no decrease of flavanols was observed under the same conditions.
The total polyphenols content in investigated plums, as well as anthocyanins and flavanols, was rather low (160-300 mg/100 g, 1833 mg/100 g and 914 mg/100 g of fruits, respectively). (+) Catechin occurring in quantities from 1.3 to 3.9 mg/100 g was found to be a dominant compound representing biologically active monomers and dimers of flavanols. The highest quantities of hydroxycinnamic acids, especially neochlorogenic one, (46-85 mg/100 g) are found in all plum varieties. The main anthocyanin pigments of plums are cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidine-3- rutinoside; they make up 42 to 62% of the total anthocyanins. All investigated plum varieties show high polyphenoloxidase activity but there are substantial differences between particular varieties ranging from 3200 to 17200 U/g.
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