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Differences in physical activity and nutritionand silhouette-related behaviours in male and female students in selected European countries

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Bergier B., Bergier J., Niznikowska E., Junger J., Salonna F., Acs F., Fromel K.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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2018
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tom 25
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nr 1
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A field of study as a factor determining physical activity, BMI indicator and self-assessment of physical activity of students in the Visegrad countries

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Junger J., Niznikowska E., Bergier B., Fromel K., Salonna F., Acs P., Bergier J.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2016
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tom 10
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nr 4
Background. The objective of the research was to present the diverse nature of physical activity, BMI indicator and indicator of self-assessment of physical activity of students from the Visegrad group countries depending on their fields of study. Material and methods. 2237 students from humanistic, medical and technical faculties were tested. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for the analysis in its extended version. BMI indicator and indicator of self-assessment of physical activity were also characterized. Results. More than half of the students were characterized by a high level of physical activity. In most cases, they possessed the correct value of body mass index (BMI) and the average self-esteem of physical fitness. Conclusions. The field of study does not differentiate significantly the level of body mass index (BMI), which in most tested cases achieved the correct value. The statistical analysis did not reveal any significant statistically relation between fields of study and self-assessment of physical fitness.
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Gender differences in physical activity among secondary school students in the Visegrad countries (V4)

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Acs P., Bergier J., Salonna F., Junger J., Melczer C., Makai A.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2016
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tom 10
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nr 3
Background. Physical inactivity is also a significant problem in East-Central Europe and Hungary where 20% of the population does sports regularly while 53% of them never, in turn, 24% of the people does sports few times monthly. Insufficient physical activity is an increasing public health problem among young people and adolescents. Several types of research examined the quality and extent of physical activity related to different factors (social demographic, psychosocial, and lifestyle, etc.). Material and methods. Interviewing was carried out from April to June 2015 at the same time in each Visegrad country. IPAQ extended physical activity questionnaire and a self-edited questionnaire were used to assess nutritional and activity habits (In order to evaluate data, INDARES software, and paper-based questionnaires were used for 2145 persons from different secondary schools). Results. In low PA level category, male students were rather found while in high PA level category, male students showed higher ratios than females. From 56.7% to 77.8% of male students occurred in high PA level category opposite to female students where this rate was from 42.4% to 67.4%. We found significant gender differences in total MET/week values (p<0.001) in the V4 countries. Conclusions. We found significant differences in the Visegrad countries and between sexes. These differences draw the attention to improving deficiencies in physical activity of secondary school students with well-defined risk group interventions.
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Factors influencing level of physical activity among female students from the Visegrad countries

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Niznikowska E., Bergier J., Bergier B., Acs P., Junger J., Salonna F.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2019
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tom 13
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nr 1
Background. Our study aims to illustrate the diversity in levels of physical activity among female students from the Visegrad countries (V4), in four domains: job-related activity, transportation physical activity, housework, house maintenance, and caring for family, as well as recreation, sport, and leisure-time physical activity. These domains were correlated with factors including: BMI, field of study, physical fitness self-assessment and amount of leisure time. Material and methods. In total 1,169 female students from V4 countries: the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland were involved in the study. In terms of conducting the study, the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ, was utilised. Results. Female students from the V4 countries were characterized by moderate (47.5%) and high (43.7%) levels of physical activity, and the WHO recommendations on health-related quality of life were fulfilled in more than 80% of the respondents. Conclusions. Analysis showed statistically significant differences in BMI, where underweight students (59.3%) demonstrated a moderate level of physical activity. The physical fitness selfassessment of female students from the V4 countries shows significant differences in their level of physical activity in all analysed areas and indicates that field of study as well as their amount of leisure time do not notably affect their level of physical activity.
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Physical activity in students from the Visegrad countries by BMI status

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Junger J., Fromel K., Bergier J., Acs P., Bergier B., Salonna F., Niznikowska E.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2018
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tom 12
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nr 1
Background. This study aims to analyse the relationship between physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) in undergraduate university students of three fields of study from the four Visegrad Group countries – Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Hungary. Material and methods. The research was conducted in 2015 on adolescent undergraduate university student populations in three fields of study – humanities, medical, and technical sciences. The sample included 2,484 students in total. The data was collected using the extended version of the standardised International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Students completed the questionnaire via the INDARES online system. Results. The results confirmed significant differences in PA between sexes in favour of males both in its overall manifestation and in the individual levels of PA intensity (p<0.05). The comparison of the four countries revealed significant differences in PA in males and females in all PA domains (p<0.05). The evaluation of the total BMI, as well as the one measured in individual countries confirmed a significant difference between sexes in favour of males (p<0.05). The study of the relationship between PA and BMI did not reveal a statistically significant dependence in any of the tested domains. This conclusion applies both to males and females. Conclusions. Males are generally more physically active than females overall and in individual fields of study. Also, males exhibit higher BMI in all the studied categories. No significant relation between PA intensity and volume and BMI was found in either sex.
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Diversity of factors determining physical activity in youth in Visegrad countries

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Niznikowska E., Bergier J., Bergier B., Acs P., Junger J., Salonna F.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
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2017
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tom 09
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nr 4
The present study aimed to gain knowledge about the diversity of factors determining physical activity in youth from the V4 countries. The study involved 2145 students aged 15-17 years from the Visegrad countries (V4): the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland. A diagnostic survey was used as the research method in the form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-L). The Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests as well as the Pearson Chi-square independence test were applied to do the statistical calculations and determine statistically significant relationships. More than half of the surveyed youth from the V4 countries (58.2%) demonstrated a high level of physical activity. Fewer than 6% of the adolescents exhibited a low level of physical activity. Young people tend to exhibit a high PA level, with significantly higher values visible in boys, and the WHO health recommendations were met by 84% of the respondents. The main factors determining the level of physical activity, beside sex, were age and selfassessment of physical fitness.
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Diversity of physical activity among the school youth depending on the type of place of residence

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Bergier J., Niznikowska E., Bergier B., Junger J., Salonna F., Pongrac Acs P.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2016
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tom 10
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nr 1
Background. The objective of the study was to reveal diversity of physical activity among the school youth depending on the type of place of residence (single-family house, block of flats). Material and methods. The research conducted in 2015 covered 646 students from junior high schools and post-gymnasium schools in Biała Podlaska with an average age of 18,8 ± 0,84 years. The method of research which was applied was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) within its full form. Conclusions. It was indicated that the school youth, including in particular boys residing in family houses show higher level of physical activity than their peers living in blocks of flats.
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Students leisure time as a determinant of their physical activity at universities of the EU Visegrad group countries

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Acs P., Bergier B., Bergier J., Niznikowska E., Junger J., Salonna F.
Health Problems of Civilization
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2016
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tom 10
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nr 4
Background. Studies on physical activity are vital for those students destined to become the future elite in the Visegrad countries. This issue is of particular concern because most studies undertaken from various countries have, in this respect, demonstrated significant deficiencies. Study aims: to determine the link between students leisure time and their levels of physical activity according to gender. Material and methods. Subjects were 2337 university students consisting of 1169 females and 1068 males from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary studying a variety of disciplines. The long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used as a standardised measure for the study. Results. Male students were found to have significantly more leisure time than females, with the highest levels observed in those studying the humanities, somewhat lower levels for the medical sciences whilst the lowest were for the technical sciences. The greater the amount of leisure time, the more significant was the impact found on levels of physical activity. Male students with sufficient leisure time demonstrated the highest levels of physical activity. However, no such relation was found in women where, in contrast, the highest levels of physical activity were found in those having too little leisure time. Conclusions. The differences observed between genders in their links with leisure time and levels of physical activity should be taken into account when the teaching of physical activities are designed/devised for student studies.
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