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112 heifers and 66 young bulls of Red-White breed were examined, grown in two herds in the Lower Silesia. They sprang from 11 bulls and 168 cows. The calves were measured and weighed two days after their births and at the age of one month, 3 and 6 months, as well as when they were 12 and 18 months old. Besides, the mothers of those calves were weighed and measured just after they calved. At the above mentioned periods, each calf and its mother's weight and ten measurement were determined. The data served to estimate the corelation between the same features found in mothers and their offspring on both esxes, as wall as the corelation between the values of those features in osssprin of various ages. It turned out that bulls up to 18 months old weighed more and were bigger than heifers of same age. All those differences were increasing with the calves' age. Both body weights and measurements of mothers were found as essentially related to the same features in their heifers and young bulls just after they were bom and a month later. At further stages of the calves' lives, no dependence of mothers' body sizes and those of their offspring has been found out. However, the sizes of heifers and bulls at their births had an influence upon their measurements at the age of one and 3 months. The results of the estimations prove that both weight and measurements of the calves under examination were closely related to the values of those features found in calves 12 months old.
The studies were carried out at Bull Rearing Center in Głogówek on 749 bulls. They were raised and evaluated in 1978-1987. Their body weight and height at withers at the age of 360 days and daily weight gain did not change significantly during 10 years. Their average body weight at the age of 360 days was 436.6 kg, the height at withers was 118.3 cm and daily weight gain during the experiment averaged 1308 g. Great differentiation in the values of the analysed traits among the groups of different bulls' sons was observed. Lowland Red-White cross-bred bulls and those of Holstain-Frisian breed had better characteristics that those of Lowland Red-White bulls 30,4% of the total number of bulls were culled. The most common reasons were: lack or weakened libido, leukemia, poor quality semen, negative result of individual evaluation, abnormal constitution of sex organs.
The scheme, aim and stages of creating the new breed of Wrocław Meat pigeon, raised at Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences were presented. The studies on the growth of pigeons demonstrated that the highest growth rate of young pigeons of that breed was observed at the period from hatching up to the 21st day of life, and then, it considerably decreased. At the age of 4 weeks, the pigeons of the discussed breed obtained insignificantly lower values of body weight before slaughter and of carcass weight, and higher values of dressing percentage, dry matter and protein content when compared to the pigeons of King and Strasser breeds at the same age.
The investigations were carried out on two herds of cows of red and white breed /112 cows and 112 female calves/. Each cow was measured and weighed right after calving, while the female calves were measured and weighed at the age of 2 days, 6, 12 and 18 months respectively. The body weight and 10 measurements of each animal were determined. They were the basis to estimate the indices phenotype correlation between the body weight and the measurements together with height at withers as well as between chest measurement and other measurements in cows and female calves at the period of their growth. The obtained results proved that the indices phenotype correlations were higher in cows than in their female calves. The body weight in cows showed the highest, positive correlation with chest measurement, chest width, front width and thigh spiral measurement. On the other hand the body weight of female calves showed the highest correlation with chest measurements, height at withers, chest depth, hight at rump, and with thigh spiral measurement. Moreover, it was found that height at withers and chest measurement both in cows and their female calves were correlated positively with other parts of these animals' bodies except for oblique trunk lenght and the female calves' cannon measurement.
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88%
The trial was performed on 208 heifers of Lowland Red-White breed raised in south-western part of Poland /Breeding State Farm in Głogówek, Opole voivodeship/. Their body weight was checked at birth, 18 months of age, 10 days before parturition and 100, 200 and 300 days after calving. The influence of growth rate /daily gains/ of heifers during rearing on body weight before calving, on milk yield during 1-st lactation and on fertility were investigated. There were 3 groups of heifers based on daily gains: to 650 g, from 651 to 750 g and over 750 g. It was found that growth rate and body weight of actually reared heifers of Lowland Red-White breed had no deterimental effect on milk and fat yield during 1-st lactation. Heifers after parturition were losing in average 67,8 kg /11,5%/ of their body weight and were gaining during lactation inaverage 69,3 kg /13,3%/. High milk yield was followed by more severe decrease in body weight after calving and smaller body gain during lactation what was the cause of lengthening of service period and decrease in fertility.
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