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Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is used as a herb material. The species is under partial protection. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the community type and weather conditions on blooming of everlasting. Growth and development dynamics vs. habitat factors were analyzed in detail. The results of this study indicate that blooming process of everlasting populations remains under influence of habitat factors, which is evidenced by a decrease of potential fertility paralleled by an increase of number of taxa found in phytocoenosis. Blooming process is also modified by weather conditions: the potential fertility index is significantly correlated with precipitation.
Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial belonging to the Asteraceae family. Its inflorescences are a valuable herbal material. Sandy Everlasting is also an ornamental plant: its blooming shoots are used for dry bouquets. The aim of this study was assessing the influence of habitat conditions on the number of generative shoots and dry mass of inflorescences per ramet (clump). Plants from experimental plantations and those growing in natural conditions were compared. The second aim was to measure the amount of flavonoids in inflorescences. It was determined that the number of generative shoots as well as dry mass of inflorescences depended significantly on the origin of Sandy Everlasting. Clumps of plants grown in plantations had on average 12-fold more generative shoots than those of plants from natural stands. Field-grown plants had also 17-fold higher dry inflorescence mass per ramet. Moreover, the amount of flavonoids in inflorescences from cultivated plants was higher (and attained its maximum at 1.19%). This means that Sandy Everlasting plantations could yield much more herbal material which is of a better quality than that from natural stands. An increased number of inflorescence shoots and a higher mass of flower heads in a clump obtained by in vitro methods can make Sandy Everlasting an attractive ornamental plant.
Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench is a perennial of the Asteraceae family. The species is partially protected in Poland. Its inflorescence is a source of valuable herbal material. The amount of fresh and dry mass of inflorescences collected from plants growing in natural stands and those obtained from experimental plantations was analyzed. The plants growing in the plantation were obtained from in vitro cultures. Germination ability of achenes was also tested. The number of flowering shoots per plant, the number of plants per area unit as well as the fresh and dry mass of inflorescences depended significantly on the soil conditions and precipitation. Cultivation of H. arenarium gives a significantly higher fresh and dry mass of inflorescences per plant and a higher yield per area unit. The yield of herbal material from a plantation can vastly exceed that from the natural stands. Stratification of achenes prior to their germination resulted in an increase in the number of seedlings by 9.6%. Germination ability markedly decreased with time. Therefore, it is likely that the achenes form a transient seed bank. Achenes from plants obtained by in vitro method exhibited the lowest germination ability, so they should not be used as seed material.
Over 2007–2008 in kujawsko-pomorskie voivodeskie, the study Province was carried out into the species composition, abundance and dominance of butterfly cartepillars (Lepidoptera) feeding on 4 populations of dwarf everlasts Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. The research showed that the plants were infested with butterflies representing the following families: Bucculatricidae, Coleophoridae, Lasiocampidae, Noctuidae, Nymphalidae, Pyralidae and Tortricidae. In the studied habitats the most common were: Bucculatrix gnaphaliella, Eublemma minutata, Pyrausta aerealis, Coleophora gnaphalii, Vanessa cardui and caterpillars from the genus Cnephassia.
Parietaria pensvlvanica Mühlenb ex. Willd is a species nalive to North America, whose occurrence in Poland was first reported in Bydgoszcz in 1991. Its biology and ecology has been researched since 1996. The present paper discusses measurements and phenological observations carried out on four selected populations during the vegetation season in 1997. The aim of the research was to determine potentialities of the migration of P. pensylvanica from park habitats to segetal communities, on the basis of a defined life strategy of the examined populations. The analysis focused on the dynamics of density and bipniiiss as well as on the weight of 1000 nucules, against the habitat conditions. The findings demonstrated that the investigated species was characterised by a set of life strategy properties referred lo as C-S-R or S-R, and was subject to the "r"-type selection. P. pensylvanica has become an integral pari of the Bydgoszcz flora and is likely to expand into segetal communities of agricultural and vegetable crops.
During the years 2007–2008 the content of flavonoids and polyphenolic acids in inflorescences of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench was analyzed in specimens from natural stands and plantations. Plants cultivated in experimental plots originated from in vitro plantlets. The amount of flavonoids in inflorescences from experimental plots was higher and attained its maximum at 1.19% compared with 0.84% observed for plants from natural stands. In herbal material collected in 2008 the content of flavonoids was lower. The tendency was not observed for polyphenolic acids. Within the study period their amount ranged over the interval 0.74–2.82%. It was also found that dry mass of inflorescences from natural stands was higher than that for cultivated plants by 30.9%. In contrast, the density of generative shoots was 5.2-fold higher in natural stands. It was shown that Sandy Everlasting plantations could yield up to 3.4-fold more herbal material which is of a better quality (contains more biologically active compounds) than that from natural stands.
Sandy everlasting, Helichrysum arenarium, a perennial belonging to Asteraceae family, is a source of valuable herbal material and therefore is under partial protection in Poland. It grows in sunny places on sandy soils, in abandoned fields, along roadsides and in dry forests and thickets, where it enters into symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The studies on the biology, ecology and cultivation of sandy everlasting have been vigorously pursued since 2003. The aim of this work was assessing the influence of root colonisation by mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and development of H. arenarium cultivated on clayey soil. Two independent experiments (in the pots and in field) were performed. In the first one, under laboratory conditions, the effect of inoculation of soil with arbuscular fungus Glomus intraradices on the biometric features of sandy everlasting seedlings was analyzed. The second experiment was designed to show the association of the root colonisation level with the biometric features of generative shoots grown in an open field. It was demonstrated that sandy clay is an appropriate medium for growing sandy everlasting, enabling a proper development of seedlings and ensuring high inflorescence yield. The amendment of soil with inoculum resulted in a significant decrease in the mass of vegetative and generative shoot parts and made the cultivation more expensive. The inflorescence yield (Inflorescentia Helichrysi) obtained from inoculated plots was lower by 36%.
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