Dietary habits and locus of control assessed in middle-school pupils from the Malopolska region of Poland

• Autorzy: Gacek M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. The formative years of adolescence are a crucial time for developing eating habits which, amongst other factors, are determined by personality traits. Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate eating behaviour in a group of middle school pupils according to gender and locus of control (LOC). Materials and methods. Subjects were n=200 boys and n=200 girls, aged 14-16 living in the Malopolska region of Poland who were surveyed by questionnaire about their eating habits. A standardised Delta questionnaire, by Drwal, was used to assess LOC. Based on the median from the raw LOC scale scores, groups of boys and girls were thereby identified as having high internal (below the median) or high external (above the median) loci of control. The Chi2 test assessed the dependence between LOC and eating habits using PQStat software ver. 1.4.2.324 adopting values of p<0.05 as being statistically significant. Results. Boys were found to consume dairy products significantly more frequently than girls (P<0.001), and likewise for sugary fizzy drinks (P<0.05). Dairy products were consumed daily by 51% girls and 70% boys (P<0.001), whilst fizzy drinks by 32% girls and 43% boys (P<0.05). Girls with an external LOC consumed breakfast (P<0.01) and second breakfast (P<0.001) less regularly, with a less frequent consumption of fruit (P<0.001) and dairy products (P<0.01). Boys having an external LOC consumed meals less frequently (P<0.01), whereas sweets and confectionery products (P<0.001) and fizzy drinks (P<0.05) were consumed more often, compared to boys with an internal LOC. Conclusions. Numerous irregularities in diet and differences in certain eating behaviour have been found in middle school students that relate to their gender and LOC. The more rational and appropriate choices were taken by subjects with an internal LOC.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Okres dojrzewania ma szczególne znaczenie w kształtowaniu się zwyczajów żywieniowych, uwarunkowanych między innymi cechami osobowości. Cel. Celem badań była ocena zachowań żywieniowych grupy młodzieży gimnazjalnej w zależności od płci i umiejscowienia poczucia kontroli (LOC). Materiał i metoda. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 200 dziewcząt i 200 chłopców w wieku 14-16 lat w Małopolsce, z zastosowaniem przygotowanego kwestionariusza zachowań żywieniowych oraz standaryzowanego kwestionariusza Delta Drwala do oceny umiejscowienia poczucia kontroli (LOC). Na podstawie mediany wyników surowych w skali LOC wyodrębniono grupy dziewcząt i chłopców, o wyższym wewnętrznym (poniżej mediany) i wyższym zewnętrznym (powyżej mediany) umiejscowieniu kontroli. Zależności między umiejscowieniem poczucia kontroli a zwyczajami żywieniowymi oceniono za pomocą testu Chi2 w programie PQStat ver. 1.4.2.324, na poziomie istotności P<0,05. Wyniki. Analiza zachowań żywieniowych w zależności od płci wykazała, że chłopcy istotnie częściej niż dziewczęta spożywali produkty mleczne (P<0.001) oraz słodkie napoje gazowane (P<0.05). Produkty mleczne codziennie spożywało 51% dziewcząt i 70% chłopców (P<0.001), a słodkie napoje gazowane odpowiednio: 32% i 43% badanych (P<0.05). Analiza zachowań żywieniowych w zależności od umiejscowienia poczucia kontroli wykazała, że dziewczęta o zewnętrznym LOC mniej regularnie spożywały pierwsze (P<0.01) i drugie śniadanie (P<0.001) oraz rzadziej jadły owoce (P<0,001) i produkty mleczne (P<0.01). Chłopcy o zewnętrznym umiejscowieniu kontroli mniej regularnie spożywali posiłki (P<0.01), a częściej słodycze i wyroby cukiernicze (P<0.001) oraz słodkie napoje gazowane (P<0.05) niż chłopcy o wewnętrznym LOC. Wnioski. Stwierdzono liczne nieprawidłowości w sposobie żywienia młodzieży gimnazjalnej oraz zróżnicowanie niektórych zachowań żywieniowych w zależności od płci i umiejscowienia poczucia kontroli, ze wskazaniem na bardziej racjonalne wybory u osób o wewnętrznym LOC.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

human nutrition; dietary habit; control; school child; student; young people; Malopolska region; Poland

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 64
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.129-134,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Gacek M.

• Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, University School of Physical Education in Krakow, Al.Jana Pawla II 78, 31-571 Krakow, Poland

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