Growth and nutrition of restored Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey. versus native Celtis australis L. tree species: conservation perspectives of Hyrcanian forest (Iran)

• Autorzy: Hosseini S.M. , Raouhi-Moghaddam E. , Ebrahimi E. , Rahmani A. , Tabari M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

For native species, mixed plantation systems seem to be the most appropriate for providing a broader range of options such as production, protection, biodiversity conservation and restoration. After 11 years, growth and nutrition and soil properties were examined in young plantation of two indigenous tree species in Hyrcanian forests of Iran. Quercus castaneifolia C.A. Mey. (as target species) and Celtis australis L. (as native component species) were planted in five proportions (100Q, 70Q:30C, 60Q:40C, 50Q:50C, 40Q:60C) in Noor, Iran. Diameter at breast height of individual Quercus trees and total basal area were affected by the presence of Celtis. Percent retranslocation of nutrients in Quercus followed in order: K> P> N. Leaf-litter fall production ranged from 4.10 to 6.14 t ha⁻¹ year⁻¹. Ca and Mg concentrations in fully expanded leaves of Quercus, N and K retranslocation of Quercus, concentration of available P in soil were higher in some of the mixed plantations than in monoculture of Quercus. On the other hand, N concentration in fully expanded leaves of Quercus, N fluxes and soil C/N ratio were higher in monoculture of Quercus. Within the framework of this experiment, it appeared that production was maximized when these two species were grown together in the proportion of 60% Quercus and 40% Celtis.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Celtis australis; Hyrcanian forest; Iran; Quercus castaneifolia; biodiversity; conservation; growth; native species; nutrient flux; nutrition; oak wood; soil property; tree growth; tree species

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 58
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.41-54,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Hosseini S.M.

• Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, 46414, Iran

autor

Raouhi-Moghaddam E.

autor

Ebrahimi E.

autor

Rahmani A.

autor

Tabari M.

Bibliografia

• Allison L.E. 1975 – Organic carbon (In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Ed. C.A. Black) – American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 1367–1378.
• Ashagrie Y., Zech W., Guggenberger G. 2005 – Transformation of a Podocarpus falcatus dominated natural forest into a monoculture Eucalyptus globules plantation at Munesa, Ethiopia: soil organic C, N and S dynamics in primary particle and aggregate size fractions – Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 106: 89–98.
• Assmann E. 1970 – The principles of forest yield study – Pergamon Press, New York, 506 pp.
• Augusto L., Ranger J., Binkley D., Rothe A. 2002 – Impact of several common tree species of European temperate forests on soil fertility – Ann. For. Sci. 59: 233–253.
• Balandier P., Prevosto B., Guitton J. 2005 – Forest restoration in the French Massif Central Mountains (In: Restoration of Boreal and Temperate forests. Eds: J. Stanturf, P. Madsen) – CRC Press, 569 pp.
• Binkley D., Valentinu D. 1991 – Fifty-year biogeochemical effects of green ash, white pine and Norway spruce in a replicated experiment – For. Ecol. Manage. 40: 13–25.
• Binkley D., Dunkin K.A., Debell D., Ryan M.G. 1992 – Production and nutrient cycling in mixed plantations of Eucalyptus and Albizia in Hawaii – For. Sci. 38: 393–408.
• Binkley D. 1996 – Factors influencing decline in soil pH in Hawaiian Eucalyptus and Albizia plantations – For. Ecol. Manage. 80: 47–56.
• Boerner R.E.J. 1984 – Foliar nutrient dynamics and nutrient efficiency of four deciduous tree species in relation to site fertility – J. Appl. Ecol. 21: 1029–1040.
• Bouyoucos G.J. 1962 – Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analysis of soils – Agron. J. 56: 464–465.
• Bower C.A., Reitemeier R.F., Fireman M. 1952 – Exchangeable cation analysis of saline and alkali soils – Soil. Sci. 73: 251–261.
• Bremner J.M., Mulvaney C.S. 1982 – Nitrogen-total (In: Methods of soil analysis. Part 2. Eds: A.L. Page, R.H. Miller, R.R. Keeney) – American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 595–624.
• Brockway D.G. 1998 – Forest plant diversity at local and landscape scales in the Cascade Mountains of Southwestern Washington – For. Ecol. Manage. 109: 323–341.
• Carneval N. J., Montagnini F. 2002 – Facilitating regeneration of secondary forests with the use of mixed and pure plantations of indigenous tree species – For. Ecol. Manage. 163: 217–227.
• Chapin III F.S., Kedrowski R.A. 1983 – Seasonal changes in nitrogen and phosphorous fraction and autumn retranslocation in evergreen and deciduous Taiga trees – Ecology, 64: 376–391.
• Cuevas E., Lugo A.E. 1998 – Dynamics of organic matter and nutrient return from litter fall in stands of ten tropical tree plantation species – For. Ecol. Manage. 112: 263–279.
• Dey D. 2002 – The ecological basis for oak silviculture in eastern north America (In: Oak Forest Ecosystem. Eds: W.J. Mcshea, W.M Heale) – The Jans Hopkins University press, 423 pp.
• FAO 1992 – Mixed and pure forest plantation in the tropics and subtropics – FAO Forestry Paper 103. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. 152 pp.
• Forrester D.I., Bauhus J., Cowie A.L., Vanclay J.K. 2006a – Mixed-species plantations of eucalyptus with nitrogen fixing trees: a review – For. Ecol. Manage. 233: 211–230.
• Forrester D.I., Cowie A.L., Bauhus J., Wood J., Forrester R.I. 2006b – Effects of changing the supply of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and inter-actions between Eucalyptus globulus and Acacia mearnsii in a pot trial – Plant Soil 280: 267–277.
• Garcia-Montiel D.C., Binkley D. 1998 – Effect of Eucalyptus saligna and Albizia falcataria on soil processes and nitrogen supply in Hawaii – Oecologia, 113: 547–556.
• Gardiner E.S., Hodges J.D. 1998 – Growth and biomass distribution of cherry Oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.) seedling as influenced by light availability – For. Ecol. Manage. 108: 127–134.
• Gardiner E., Oliver J.M. 2005 – Restoration of bottomland hardwood forests in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Vally, U.S.A. (In: Restoration of Boreal and Temperate forests. Eds: J. Stanturf, P. Madsen) – CRC Press, 569 pp.
• Genda S., Gupta G.N., Kuppusamy V., Singh G. 2000 – Changes in soil properties and nutrient accumulation in Neem under canopy of Acacia tortilis – Int. Tree. Crops. 10: 237–246.
• Giardina C.P., Huffman S., Binkley D., Caldwell B.A. 1995 – Alder increase soil phosphorus availability in a Douglas-fir plantation – Can. J. For. Res. 25: 1652–1657.
• Grizzard T., Henderson G.S., Clebsch E.E.C., Reichle D.E. 1976 – Seasonal nutrient dynamics of foliage and litter fall on Walker Branch Watershed, a deciduous forest ecosystem – Publication 814. Oak Ridge Natural Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
• Guariguata M.R., Rheingans R., Montagnini F. 1995 – Early woody invasion under tree plantations in Costa Rica: implications for forest restoration – Restoration Ecology, 3: 252–260.
• Hansen E.A., Dawson J.O. 1982 – Effect of Alnus glotinosa on hybrid poplar height growth in a short-rotation intensively cultured plantations – For. Sci. 28:49–59.
• Hedayati M. 2001 – Oak, Introduction and planting – Technical report of plantations and parks division of Iranian department of forestry. 91 pp.
• Homer C.D., Pratt P.F. 1961 – Methods of analysis for soils, Plants and waters – University of California, Agricultural Sciences Publications, Berkeley. CA. 309 p.
• Humphrey J.W., Swaine M.D. 1997 – Factors affecting the natural regeneration of Quercus in Scottish oakwoods. II. Insect defoliation of trees and seedlings – J. Appl. Ecol. 34: 585–593.
• Issac R.A., Johnson W.C. 1975 – Collaborative study of wet and dry techniques for the elemental analysis of plant tissue by atomic absorption spectrometer – J. Assoc. Agri. Chem. 58: 436–440.
• Jackson M.L. 1967 – Soil Chemical Analysis – Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood cliffs, N.J., USA.
• Jogiste K., Vares A., Veiko U., Tullus H. 2005 – Baltic afforestation (In: Restoration of Boreal and Temperate forests. Eds: J. Stanturf, P. Madsen) – CRC Press. 569 pp.
• Johnson P.S., Shifley S.R., Rogers R. 2002 – The ecology and silviculture of Oaks – CABI Publishing. New York, 501 pp.
• Kaya Z., Raynal D.J. 2001 – Biodiversity and Conservation of Turkish forests – Biol. Conserv. 97: 131–141.
• Keenan R.J., Lamb D., Sexton G. 1995 – Experience with mixed species rainforest plantations in North Queensland – Commonwealth For. Rev. 74: 315–321.
• Kelty M.J. 2006 – The role of species mixtures in plantation forestry – For. Ecol. Manage. 233: 195–204.
• Khanna P.K. 1997 – Comparison of growth and nutrition of young monocultures and mixed stands of Eucalyptus globules and Acacia mearnsii – For. Ecol. Manage. 94: 105–113.
• Khosroshahi M., Ghavvami S. 2006 – Warning, the conservation of nature – Poone Publishing, Tehran, 155 pp.
• Kramer P.J., Kozlowski T. 1960 – Physiology of trees – McGraw-Hill, Lisboa, 745 pp.
• Lajtha K. 1987 – Nutrient resorption efficiency and the response to phosphorus fertilization in the desert shrub Larrea tridentate – Biogeochemistry, 4: 265–276.
• Langbein J. 1997 – The ranging behavior, habitat-use and impact of Deer in Oak woods and heather moors of exmoor and Quantock Hills (In: The expansion of native oakwoods into conifer cleared areas through planting. Eds: A.M. Truscott, R.J. Mitchell, S.C.F.Palmer, D. Welch) – For. Ecol. Manage. 193: 335–343.
• Larsen D.R., Johnson P.S. 1998 – Linking the ecology of natural Oak regeneration to silviculture – For. Ecol. Manage. 106: 1–7.
• Lewis N.B., Keeves A., Leech J.W. 1976 – Yield regulation in south Australian Pinus radiata plantations – Bulletin No. 23. Woods and Forests Department, south Australia, 173 pp.
• Lim M.T., Cousens J.E. 1986 – The internal transfer of nutrients in Scot pine stand. I. Biomass components, current growth and their nutrient contents – Forestry, 59: 1–16.
• Linhart Y.B., Whelan R.J. 1980 – Woodland regeneration in relation to grazing and fencing in Coed Gorswen – North Wals. J. Appl. Ecol. 17: 827–840.
• Liu X., Xu H., Berninger O., Li C. 2004 – Nutrient distribution in Picea likiangensis trees growing in a plantation in West Sichuan, Southwest China – Silva Fennica, 38: 235–242.
• Lodhiyal L.S., Lodhiyal N. 1997 – Nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency in short rotation, high density central Himalayan Tarai poplar plantations – Ann. Bot. 79: 517–527.
• Lodhiyal N., Lodhiyal L.S. 2003 – Aspects of nutrient cycling and nutrient use pattern of Bhabar Shisham forests in central Himalaya, India – Forest Ecol. Manage. 176: 237–252.
• Lorimer G., Chapman J.W. 1994 – Tall understory vegetation as a factor in poor development of Oak seedling beneath mature stands – Ecology, 8: 227–237.
• Marschner H. 1991 – Mineral nutrition of higher plants – 2nd ed. London, Academic Press.
• Mirkazemi S.Z. 1997 – The seeding cycle of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M in Hyrcanian forest – Technical report of research projects of Iranian ministry of Agriculture, 550 pp.
• Mohajer N. 1999 – The most suitable method of seeding of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M for help to natural regeneration – Technical report of research projects of Iranian ministry of Agriculture, 480 pp.
• Mohr D., Simon M., Topp W. 2005 – Stand composition affects soil quality in oak stands on reclaimed and natural sites – For. Ecol. Manage. 129: 45–53.
• Montagnini F., Gonzalez E., Porras C., Rheingans R. 1995 – Mixed and pure forest plantations in the humid neotropics: a comparison of early growth, pest damage and establishment costs – Comm. For. Rev. 74: 306–314.
• Montagnini F., Porras C. 1998 – Evaluating the role of plantations as carbon sinks: an example of an integrative approach from the humid tropics – Env. Manage. 22: 459–470.
• Montagnini F. 2000 – Accumulation in aboveground biomass and soil storage of mineral nutrients in pure and mixed plantations in a humid tropical lowland – For. Ecol. Manage. 134: 257–270.
• Norden U. 1994 – Influence of broad-leaved tree species on pH and organic matter content of forest topsoils in Scania, South Sweden – Scand. J. For. Res. 9: 1–8.
• Oliver C.D., Larson B.C. 1990 – Forest stand dynamics – McGraw-Hill, New York, 467 pp.
• Palmer S.C.F., Mitchell R.J., Truscott A.M., Welch D. 2004 – Regeneration failure in Atlantic oakwoods: the role of ungulate grazing and invertebrates – For. Ecol. Manage. 192: 251–265.
• Parrotta J.A. 1999 – Productivity, nutrient cycling, and succession in single- and mixedspecies plantations of Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus robusta, and Leucaena leucocephala in Puerto Rico – For. Ecol. Manage.124: 45–77.
• Parrotta J.A., Knowles O.H. 1999 – Restoration of tropical moist forests on bauxitemined lands in the Brazilian Amazon – Restor. Ecol. 7: 103–116.
• Parsapajoo D. 1994 – Wood Technology, Third edition – Tehran University publication, 481 pp.
• Petit B., Montagnini F. 2004 – Growth equations and rotation ages of ten native tree species in mixed and pure plantations in the humid neotropics – For. Ecol. Manage. 199: 243–257.
• Petit B., Montagnini F. 2006 – Growth in pure and mixed plantations of tree species used in reforesting rural areas of the humid region of Costa Rica, Central America – For. Ecol. Manage. 233: 338–343.
• Piotto D., Montagnini F., Ugald L., Khanna M. 2003 – Growth and effects of thinning of mixed and pure plantations with native trees in humid tropical Costa Rica – For. Ecol. Manage. 177: 427–439.
• Piotto D., Viques E., Montagnini F., Khanna M. 2004 – Pure and mixed forest plantations with native species of the dry tropics of Costa Rica: a comparison of growth and productivity – For. Ecol. Manage. 190: 359–372.
• Rhoades C., Binkley D. 1992 – Spatial extent of impact of red alder on soil chemistry of adjacent conifer stands – Can. J. F. Res. 22: 1434–1437.
• Romanya J., Vallejo V.R. 2004 – Productivity of Pinus radiata plantations in Spain in response to climate and soil – For. Ecol. Manage. 195: 177–189.
• Sabeti H. 1994 – Forests, Trees and Shrubs of Iran. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Iran – Research Organization of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 810 pp.
• Sagheb-Talebi K., Sajedi T., Yazdian F. 2004 – Forests of Iran – Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publishing, 339, 28 pp.
• Salifu K.F., Timmer V.R. 2001 – Nutrition retranslocation response of Picea mariana seedlings to nitrogen supply – Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. J. 65: 905–913.
• Sayyad E., Hosseini S.M., Mokhtari J., Mahdavi R., Jalali S.G., Akbarinia M., Tabari M., 2006 – Comparison of growth, nutrition and soil properties of pure and mixed stands of Populus deltoids and Alnus subcordata – Silva Fennica, 40: 27–35.
• Smith D.M. 1986 – The practice of Silviculture – 8th ed. Wiley, New York, 527 pp.
• Stanley W.G., Montagnini F. 1999 – Biomass and nutrient accumulation in pure and mixed plantations of indigenous tree species grown on poor soils in the humid tropics of Costa Rica – For. Ecol. Manage. 113: 91–103.
• Stefan K., Frust A., Hacker R., Bartels U. 1997 – Forest foliar condition in Europe – Technical Report. EC and UN/ECE, Brussels, Geneva, 207 pp.
• Truscott A.M., Mitchell R.J., Palmer S.C.F., Welch D. 2004 – The expansion of native oakwoods into conifer cleared areas through planting – For. Ecol. Manage. 193: 335–343.
• Vesterdal L., Ritter E., Gundersen P. 2002 – Change in soil organic carbon following afforestation of former arable land – For. Ecol. Manage. 169: 137–147.
• Vogt K.A., Grier C.C., Vogt D.J. 1986 – Production, turnover and nutrient dynamics of above and below ground detritus of world forests – Adv. Ecol. Res.15: 303–337.
• Watt A.S. 1919 – On the causes of failure of natural regeneration in British oakwoods – J. Ecol. 7: 171–203.
• Will G.M. 1985 – Nutrient deficiencies and fertilizer use in New Zealand exotic forests – FRI Bulletin No. 97. Rotorua, New Zealand, 53 pp.
• Wittwer R.F., Barden C.J., Anderson S. 1990 – Growing oaks trees from seed. Oklahama Cooperative Extension Service – Division of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources. F–5031.
• Wormald T.J. 1992 – Mixed and Pure Forest Plantations in the Tropics and Subtropics – no. 103. FAO, 166 pp.
• Zas R., Serrada R. 2003 – Foliar nutrient status and nutritional relationships of young Pinus radiata D. Don plantations in northwest Spain – For. Ecol. Manage. 174: 167–176.
• Zingg A. 1994 – Top height in mixed stands. Their definition and calculation (In: Dynamics of a broadleaved (Castanea sativa) conifer (Pseudotsuga menziesii) mixed stands in Northern Portugal. Eds: J.M. Luis, M.L. Monteiro) – For. Ecol. Manage. 107: 183–190.