PL
W opracowaniu o charakterze analityczno-przeglądowym przedstawiono zagadnienie postępu technologicznego w produkcji zbóż ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zmian w technologii produkcji pszenicy. Zwrócono uwagę na znaczenie postępu biologicznego, zmiany w poziomie i technice stosowania nawożenia mineralnego, zużycie i sposób aplikacji środków ochrony roślin, uproszczenia w uprawie roli, jak również rozwój techniki rolniczej.
EN
The progress in cereal production technology has been made mainly due to progress in biology and application of chemical production means, and less due to improvements of tillage, sowing, or harvest technology. The level of achieved yields is also influenced on by organizational and economical factors, i.e. farm's area structure. The lack of efficient system for popularizing the biological progress and low level of practically applied agrotechnics make that the divergence between theoretical opportunities and their practical utilization still grows. Decreasing the disproportions between experimental results and production to about 20% is a potential and unused source of yield and production increase. Great concentration of crop rotations with cereals reduces the efficiency of yield-forming factors (elevated utilization of plant protection means and fertilization). Despite of low fertilization level, the improvement of fertilizer's rates efficiency, the increase of yield-protecting inputs, and complying with more strict technological regimes should be the superior goals. Farms with good level of production management would incorporate integrated methods for foodstuff production to be able to adapt to market 's needs and environmental protection.