The role of magnesium in the supposed mechanism of anaesthesia

• Autorzy: Kiss S.A. , Galbacs Z. , Galbacs G.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The anaesthetic, narcotic effect of magnesium has been discussed since the publication of Meltzer-Auger (1906), but its mechanism has not been clarified. Since then, other investigations have also been performed, but none of the publications has explained the issue. We propose a mechanism analogous to the studies made by Feinstein (1964), who examined organic compounds showing anaesthetic effects. Our view is that magnesium abridges two phospholipids of the opposite sides of the membrane through their phosphate groups. This binding results in membrane rigidity, which makes the ion permeability provided by the ion channel and/or carrier decrease or discontinue, thus the halting of the Na+, K+ and Ca2+ ion flow eventually causes an anaesthetic effect. Another possible pathway is that magnesium ions block the activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor to control the ion channel, which also lowers the permeability of the membrane.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

magnesium; anesthesia; fluidity; ion transport; membrane

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: 11
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.521-532,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Kiss S.A.

• Hungarian Magnesium Society, 6726 Szeged, Fõ fasor 73A/2, Hungary

autor

Galbacs Z.

autor

Galbacs G.

Bibliografia

• Attygalle d., Rodrigo N. 1997. Magnesium sulphate for control of spasm in seuere tetanus. Anesthesia, 52: 956-962.
• Bac P., Herrenknecht C., Dupont C. 1996. Effects of magnesium-acetyltaurinate and morphine hydrochloride on plate test in Mg deficient mice. Magnes. Res., 9: 239.
• Balla A., Kiss A.S. 1996. Magnézium a biológiában, magnézium a gyermekgyógyászatban. Csíkszereda, Pro Print Kiadó, 89.
• Breyer U., Kanig K. 1970. Cerebrospinal fluid electrolyte disturbances in neurological disorders. Neurology, 20: 247-253.
• Countinho E.M. 1966. Calcium, magnesium and local anesthesia. J. Gen. Physiol, 49: 845-846.
• Dicht A., Vierling W. 1991. Inhibition by magnesium of calcium inward current in heart ventricular muscle. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 204: 243-248.
• Dubray C., Alloni A., Bardin L., Mazur A., Rayssiguier Y., Eschalier A. 1996. Hyperalgesia induced by magnesium deficiency in rats. Magnes. Res, 9: 238.
• Dubois K.P., Albaum H.G., Potter V.R. 1943. Adenosin Triphosphate in magnesium anesthesia. J. Biol. Chem.,147: 699-704.
• Feinstein M.B. 1964. Reaction of local anesthetics with phospholipids. J. Gen. Physiol., 48: 357-374.
• Ghoneim M.M., Long J.P. 1970. The interaction between magnesium and other neuromuscular blocking agents. Anesthesiol., 32: 23-27.
• Hallak M., Berman R.F., Irtenkauf S.M., Evans M.I., Cotton D.B. 1992. Peripheral magnesium sulphate enters the brain and increases the threshold for hippocampal seizures in rats. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 167: 1605-1610.
• Hallak M., Irtenkauf S.M., Cotton D.B. 1996. Effect of magnesium sulphate on excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat brain. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 175: 575-581.
• Hallak M. 1998. Effect of parental magnesium sulphate on excitatory amino acid receptors in the rat brain. Magnes. Bull., 11: 117-131.
• James M.F.M. 1992. Clinical use of magnesium infusions in anesthesia. Anesth. Analg., 74: 129-136.
• Kim Y.J., Mcfarlane, C., Warner D.S., Baker M.T., Choi W.W., Dexter F. 1996. The effect of plasma and brain magnesium concentrations on lidocaine-induced seizures in the rat. Anaesth. Analg., 83: 1223-1228.
• Mansfeld G., BosAnyi S. 1913. Untersuchungen uber das Wesen der Magnesiumnarkose. Pflugers. Arch. Physiol. des Menschen der Tiere, 152: 75-80.
• Marriott J.F., Williams R.H. 1990. Calcium antagonism mechanism of actions and novel indications. Pharm. J., 244: 266-269.
• Meltzer S.J., Auger J. 1906. Physiological and pharmacological studies of magnesium salts II. Am. J. Physiol., 15: 387-405.
• Mitani K. 1992. Relationship between neurological diseases due to aluminium load, especially amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and magnesium status. Magnes. Res., 5: 203-213.
• Oppelt W.W., Macintyre I., Rall D.P. 1963. Magnesium exchange between blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Am. J. Physiol., 205: 959-962.
• Ramathyn J., Sibai B.M., Pillai R., Angel J.J. 1988. Neuromuscular transmission studies in preeclamptic women receiving magnesium sulphate. Amer. J. Obstetrics Gynecol., 148: 951-963.
• Rayssiguier Y., Gueux E., Motta C. 1991. Magnesium deficiency effects on fluidity and function of plasma and subcellular membranes. In: Magnesium-A relevant Ion. B. Lasserre-J.Durlach Eds., John Libbey, London, 311-319.
• Tongyai S., Rayssiguier Y., Motta C., Gueux E., Maurois P., Heaton F.W. 1989. Mechanism of the increased erythrocyte membrane fluidity during magnesium deficiency. Am. J. Phys. C., 257: 270-276.
• Thurnau G.R., Kemp D.B., Jarvis A. 1987. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of magnesium in patients with preeclampsia after treatment with intravenous Mg sulphate. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 157: 1435-1438.