Foliar nutrition of poppy plants (Papaver somniferum L.) with selenium and the effect on its content in seeds

• Autorzy: Skarpa P. , Richter R.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Nawożenie dolistne maku (Papaver somniferum L.) selenem i wpływ na zawartość selenu w ziarnie maku

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Selenium is a trace element which in small amounts is necessary for human and animal nutrition. In a living organism, it helps a number of antioxidant enzymes to function normally. In many parts of the world, including the Central European region, its content in agricultural products is very low. Attempts are therefore made to increase its content and cover human requirements with biologically valuable products by incorporating selenium into the system of plant nutrition. In a vegetation trial established in 2008 and 2009, we explored the effect of foliar applications of Se(IV) on yields and on its content in seeds and the uptake of selenium by a poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) stand. Selenium was applied at a rate of 300 g ha–1 during the stage of the end of elongation growth and after the fall of blossoms. Poppy yields were significantly influenced by the weather in the experimental years. In the dry year of 2009, poppy production was 40.6% lower than in 2008. Selenium application at the end of elongation growth reduced poppy seed yields by an average of 11.5%. Late supplementary nutrition at the stage after blossom fall also reduced yields (by 11.8%). Owing to the effect of extra-root Se nutrition, the content of selenium in poppy seeds increased highly significantly from 139 μg kg–1 to 757 μg kg–1 of seeds. Also the uptake of selenium by the poppy stand was significant and after foliar application it increased 4.8 times.

PL

Selen to pierwiastek śladowy, który w niewielkich ilościach jest niezbędny w żywieniu ludzi i zwierząt. W żywym organizmie selen wspomaga prawidłowe działanie wielu enzymów antyoksydacyjnych. W wielu rejonach świata, łącznie z obszarem Europy Środkowej, zawartość selenu w produktach rolnych jest niewielka. W związku z tym podejmowane są starania, by zwiększyć jego zawartość przez wprowadzenie selenu do systemu nawożenia roślin uprawnych, by pokryć zapotrzebowanie na ten pierwiastek w diecie dzięki biologicznie wartościowym produktom. W doświadczeniu wegetacyjnym przeprowadzonym w latach 2008 i 2009 badano wpływ dolistnego nawożenia Se(IV) na plonowanie maku (Papaver somniferum L.) oraz na zawartość selenu w ziarnie maku i pobór tego pierwiastka przez rośliny. Selen zastosowano w dawce 300 g ha–1 pod koniec fazy wzrostu łodygi oraz w czasie przekwitania. Plony maku były silnie uzależnione od warunków pogodowych w czasie doświadczenia. W suchym 2009 r. plon maku był o 40,6% niższy niż w 2008 r. Zastosowanie selenu pod koniec fazy wzrostu łodygi ograniczyło plon maku o średnio 11,5%. Późniejsze zastosowanie nawożenia selenem, w fazie przekwitania, także zmniejszyło plony (o 11,8%). Dzięki dodatkowemu dożywieniu korzeni selenem zawartość Se w ziarnie maku wzrosła istotnie ze 139 μg kg–1 do 757 μg kg–1. Pobór selenu przez łan maku także był istotny, i wzrósł 4,8-krotnie po nawożeniu dolistnym tym pierwiastkiem.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 16
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.85-92,fig.,ref

Twórcy

autor

Skarpa P.

• Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Richter R.

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