Growth response of Catla catla (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) to soya and maize supplemented traditional feed mixture

• Autorzy: Priyadarshini M. , Manissery J. K. , Gangadhara B. , Rao L. M. , Keshavanath P.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. In Indian carp culture, a 1 : 1 mixture of rice bran and oil cake is traditionally used as feed in powder form; it is nutritionally inadequate and also a large part of it goes unutilized as the fish cannot feed on the powder effectively. With a view to improve its nutritional quality and reduce the wastage, the mixture was supplemented with soya and maize flours and converted into pellet form. The performance of the supplemented diets was evaluated by feeding them to catla, Catla catla, one of the popular Indian major carps. Materials and methods. Two test diets were formulated supplementing the feed mixture with soya flour (10% and 20%) and maize flour (39%), replacing equal quantities of rice bran and oilcake. These diets along with the control diet were fed to triplicate groups of catla fry maintained in outdoor cement tanks for 120 days. Results. The test diets enhanced growth and net fish production significantly (P < 0.05). This resulted in higher economic returns under the two test treatments. Survival of fish ranged from 74% to 76%. Carcass of fish receiving the test diets had significantly (P < 0.05) higher lipid and lower moisture levels. Digestive enzyme activity was affected positively (P < 0.05) by the test diets. Conclusion. Replacing rice bran and oilcake from the traditional feed mixture with soya and maize flours proved economically viable.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

fish culture; growth response; catla; Indian carp zob.catla; Catla catla; Actinopterygii; Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae; soybean; feed supplementation; maize; traditional feed; animal feeding; feed mixture; pond; fish production

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 41
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.159-164,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Priyadarshini M.

• Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Mangalore-575 002, India

autor

Manissery J. K.

autor

Gangadhara B.

autor

Rao L. M.

autor

Keshavanath P.

Bibliografia

• Anderson S., Jackson A.J., Matty A.J., Capper B.S. 1984. Effects of dietary carbohydrate and fibre on the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linn). Aquaculture 37 (4): 303–314. DOI: 10.1016/0044-8486(84)90296-5
• Anonymous 1975. Indian standard methods of test for soils. Part IV: Grain size analysis. Indian Standards Institution, New Delhi, India.
• Anonymous 1993. Nutrient requirements of fish. National Research Council (NRC) National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
• Anonymous 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), Washington, DC.
• Anonymous 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. 20th edn. American Public Health Association (APHA), Washington, DC.
• Bazaz M.M., Keshavanath P. 1993. Effect of feeding different levels of sardine oil on growth, muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities of masheer, Tor khudree. Aquaculture 115 (1–2): 111–119. DOI: 10.1016/0044-8486(93)90362-3
• Bernfeld P. 1955. Amylase α and β. P. 149. In: Colowick S.P., Kaplan N.O. (eds.) Methods in enzymology. Academic Press, New York, NY, USA.
• Bier M. 1962. Lipases. Pp. 627–642. In: Colowick S.P., Kaplan N.O. (eds.) Methods in enzymology. Academic Press, New York, NY, USA.
• Chamundeswari Devi., Shantha V.R., Srinivasulu C. 1999. Effect of soybean meal feeding on the biochemical composition of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics 14 (3): 181–185.
• Cremer M.C., Zhang J., Zhou E. 2001. Mirror carp fry to fingerling growth performance in ponds in Harbin with soymeal-based feeds. American Soybean Association, Beijing.
• Dabrowski K., Glogowski J. 1977. Studies on the role of exogenous proteolytic enzymes in digestion processes in fish. Hydrobiologia 54 (2): 129–134.
• Davis D.A., Miller C.L., Phelps R.P. 2005. Replacement of fish meal with soybean meal in the production diets of juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 36 (1): 114–119.
• De Silva S.S., Anderson T.A. 1995. Fish nutrition in aquaculture. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
• Dias J., Alvarez M.J., Arzel J., Corraze G., Diez A., Bautista J.M., Kaushik S.J. 2005. Dietary protein source affects lipid metabolism in the European seabass (Dicentrachus labrax). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 142 (1): 19–31.
• Duncan D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11 (1): 1–42.
• El-Sayed A.F.M. 1999. Alternative dietary protein sources for farmed tilapia, Oreochromis spp. Aquaculture 179 (1–4): 149–168. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00159-3
• Fafioye O.O., Fagade S.O., Adebisi A.A., Jenyo-Oni, Omoyinmi G.A.K. 2005. Effects of dietary soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) on growth and body composition of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell) fingerlings. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 5 (1): 11–15.
• Fountoulaki E., Alexis M.N., Nengas I., Venon B. 2003. Effects of dietary arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), on growth, body composition, and tissue fatty acid profile of gilthead bream fingerlings (Sparus aurata L.). Aquaculture 225 (1–4): 309–323. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00298-9
• Francis G., Makkar H.P.S., Becker K. 2001. Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish. Aquaculture 199 (3–4): 197–227. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9
• Gangadhara B., Nandeesha M.C., Varghese T.J., Keshavanath P. 1997. Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth of rohu, Labeo rohita. Asian Fisheries Science 10 (2): 139–147.
• Grisdale-Helland B., Helland S.J., Baeverfjord G., Berge G.M. 2002. Full-fat soybean meal in diets for Atlantic halibut: growth, metabolism and intestinal histology. Aquaculture Nutrition 8 (4): 265–270. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2095.2002.00216.x
• Hasanuzzaman A.F.M., Siddiqui M.N., Chisty M.A.H. 2009. Optimum replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal in diet for Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man 1879) cultured in low saline water. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 9 (1): 17–22.
• HastingsW.H. 1976. Fish nutrition and feed manufacture. FAO Technical Conference on Aquaculture, Kyoto, Japan, 26 May 1976. Fishery Resources and Environment Division, FAO, Rome, Italy.
• Hidalgo M.C., Sanz A., Garcia Gallego M., Suarez M.D., Higuera M. 1993. Feeding of the European eel Anguilla anguilla I. Influence of dietary carbohydrate level. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 105 (1): 165–169.
• Hilton J.W., Atkinson J.L., Slinger S.J. 1983. Effect of increased dietary fiber on the growth of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 40 (1): 81–85. DOI: 10.1139/f83-012
• Jayaram M.G., Shetty H.P.C. 1981. Formulation, processing and water stability of two pelleted fish feeds. Aquaculture 23 (1–4): 355–359. DOI: 10.1016/0044-8486(81)90028-4
• Jhingran V.G. 1991. Fish and fisheries of India. Hindustan Publishing Corporation, Delhi, India.
• Kaushik S.J., Coves D., Dutto G., Blanc D. 2004. Almost total replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in the diet of a marine teleost, the European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquaculture 230 (1): 391–404. DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00422-8
• Kuntiz M. 1947. Crystalline soybean trypsin inhibitor II. General properties. Journal of General Physiology 30 (4): 291–310.
• Li M.H., Bosworth B.G., Robinson E.H. 2000. Effect of dietary protein concentration on growth and processing yield of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31 (4): 592–598. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00908.x
• Lovell R.T. 1989. Feed formulation and processing. Pp. 107–127. In: Lovell R.T. (ed.) Nutrition and feeding of fish. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA.
• Manjappa K., Keshavanath P., Gangadhara B. 2009. Performance of Catla catla (Ham.) fingerlings fed with carbohydrate-rich diets in manured tanks. Asian Fisheries Science 22 (3): 971–984.
• Mayes P.A. 1990. Nutrition. Pp. 571–579. In: Murray R.K., Graner D.K., Mayes P.A., Rodwell V.W. (eds.) Harper’s biochemistry. 22nd edn. Prentice Hall International, New York, USA.
• Meurer F., Hayashi C., Boscolo W.R. 2003. Crude fiber for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings. Revista Brasileria de Zootecnia 32 (2): 256–261.
• Robinson E.H., Li M.H., Manning B.B. 2000. Evaluation of various concentrations of dietary protein and animal protein for pond-raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus fed to satiation or at a restricted rate. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 31 (4): 503–510. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2000.tb00902.x
• Satoh S. 1991. Common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Pp. 55–67. In: Wilson R.P. (ed.) Handbook of nutrient requirements of finfish. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
• Snedecor G.W., Cochran G.W. 1968. Statistical methods. Oxford and IBH Publishing Company, Calcutta, India.
• Storebakken T., Refstie S., Ruyter B. 2000. Soy products as fat and protein sources in fish feeds for intensive aquaculture. Pp. 127–170. In: Drackley J.K. (ed.) Soy in animal nutrition. Federation of Animal Science Society, Savoy, IL, USA.