Sensitivity of soil enzymes to excessive zinc concentrations

• Autorzy: Borowik A. , Wyszkowska J. , Kucharski J. , Bacmaga M. , Boros-Lajszner E. , Tomkiel M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Oporność enzymów glebowych na nadmierne ilości cynku

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The sensitivity of soil enzymes to soil contamination with zinc was analyzed. A laboratory experiment was performed on sandy loam at pH 7.0, sampled from arable land at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. Soil samples were passed through a sieve with 2 mm mesh size and contaminated with the following zinc doses: 0, 300, 600, 1200 and 2400 mg Zn2+ kg-1 soil. Zinc was applied in the form of aqueous solution of ZnCl2. Soil was mixed thoroughly with zinc, and its moisture content was brought to 50% capillary water capacity. The samples were incubated at 25°C. Beakers with soil samples were weighed once a week to replenish evaporated water. The activity of soil enzymes: dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, arylsulfatase and b-glucosidase, was determined after 15, 30, 60 and 120 days of the experiment. The results were used to calculate soil resistance (RS), ED20 and ED50 values. The results of the study indicate that soil enzymes are characterized by varied sensitivity to excessive zinc concentrations, and that the RS index is a reliable measure of enzymatic responses to zinc pollution. The analyzed enzymes were classified in the following decreasing order in terms of their resistance to zinc: b-glucosidase> acid phosphatase > urease >arylsulfatase = alkaline phosphatase> catalase > dehydrogenases. Zinc continued to exert a negative effect on soil enzymes throughout the experiment (120 days). ED20 values for the analyzed enzymes in mg Zn2+ kg-1 DM soil were determined at: 103 for dehydrogenases, 184 for alkaline phosphatase, 233 for urease, 247 for arylsulfatase, 416 for acid phosphatase, 419 for catalase and 1373 for b-glucosidase.

PL

Celem badań było określenie wrażliwości enzymów na zanieczyszczenie gleby cynkiem. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych na glinie piaszczystej o pH 7,0, pobranej z użytku rolnego z warstwy od 0 do 20 cm. Przed rozpoczęciem badań glebę przesiano przez sito o oczkach 2 mm i zanieczyszczono następującymi dawkami cynku: 0, 300, 600, 1200, 2400 mg Zn2+ kg-1 gleby. Cynk stosowano w postaci wodnego roztworu ZnCl2. Następnie po dokładnym wymieszaniu gleby jej wilgotność doprowadzono do 50% kapilarnej pojemności wodnej i poddano inkubacji w cieplarce w temp. 25°C. Jeden raz w tygodniu zlewki przeważano w celu uzupełnienia ewentualnych ubytków wody. Po 15, 30, 60 i 120 dniach inkubacji część zlewek likwidowano i oznaczono aktywność enzymów glebowych: dehydrogenaz, ureazy, fosfatazy kwaśnej, fosfatazy alkalicznej, katalazy, arylosulfatazy i b-glukozydazy. Na podstawie wyników obliczono indeks oporności enzymów (RS) oraz wskaźniki ED20 i ED50. Stwierdzono, że enzymy glebowe mają zróżnicowaną oporność na nadmiar cynku w glebie, a wskaźnik oporności RS jest dobrą miarą ich reakcji na zanieczyszczenie tym metalem. Pod względem zmniejszającej się oporności można je uszeregować następująco: b-glukozydaza> fosfataza kwaśna > ureaza >arylosulfataza = fosfataza kwaśna > katalaza > dehydrogenazy. Negatywne działanie cynku na enzymy glebowe utrzymywało się przez cały okres badań (120 dni).Wartość ED20 dla poszczególnych enzymów w mg Zn2+ kg-1s.m. gleby wynosiła: dehydrogenazy – 103, fosfataza alkaliczna – 184, ureaza – 233, arylosulfataza – 247, fosfataza kwaśna – 416, katalaza – 419, b-glukozydaza – 1373.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

sensitivity; soil enzyme; zinc; zinc concentration; soil resistance; soil contamination

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 19
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.637-647,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Borowik A.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl.Lodzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Wyszkowska J.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Kucharski J.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Bacmaga M.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Boros-Lajszner E.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Tomkiel M.

• Chair of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5601/jelem.2014.19.2.456