Nanomaterials in food contact materials; considerations for risk assessment

• Autorzy: Cwiek-Ludwicka K. , Ludwicki J.K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Nanotechnology applications in the food industry, including food contact materials, offer many potential benefits for consumers and manufacturers alike. The article discusses the migration of nanoparticles from food contact materials and the possible health risks associated with in the context of insufficient knowledge of the potential exposure to nanomaterial. The importance of gaps in the general knowledge on the behaviour and biological interactions of nanomaterials in biological systems becomes crucial for risk assessment. The article also discussed numerous doubts concerning the measurements of biological reactions in animal tests and the need for new approaches in the interpretation of data from nanoparticles studies in vivo. The article underlines the need to develop predictive and validated toxicological tests that can be used to screen for potential hazards, and also to develop new methodology for measuring nanoparticles in biological matrices to assess human exposure. Further studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms of action. Nanoparticles exhibit chemical and physical properties that significantly differ from those substances at a large size. Different properties of nanoparticles may lead to different toxicological properties. From that reason nanoparticles, in each case, are individually assessed by the European Food Standard Agency (EFSA) in terms of health risk before the European Commission authorizes them to be used in food contact materials.

PL

Zastosowanie nanotechnologii w przemyśle spożywczym, w tym w materiałach do kontaktu z żywnością, przynosi wiele potencjalnych korzyści konsumentom i producentom. W artykule omówiono zagadnienie migracji nanocząsteczek z materiałów kontaktujących się z żywnością oraz możliwe ryzyko dla zdrowia konsumenta, w kontekście niewystarczającej wiedzy na temat potencjalnego narażenia na nanomateriały. Brak wiedzy na temat zachowania i biologicznych interakcji nanomateriałów w systemach biologicznych stanowi podstawowy problem przy ocenie ryzyka. W artykule omówiono również liczne wątpliwości dotyczące pomiarów odpowiedzi biologicznej w testach na zwierzętach oraz potrzebę nowych podejść w interpretacji danych otrzymanych z badań nanocząsteczek w warunkach in vivo. Podkreślono potrzebę opracowania predyktywnych i zatwierdzonych testów toksykologicznych, które można wykorzystać przy badaniu potencjalnych zagrożeń, a także opracowania nowej metodologii oznaczania nanocząsteczek w matrycach biologicznych w celu oceny narażenia ludzi. Dalsze badania powinny koncentrować się na poznaniu mechanizmów ich działania. Właściwości chemiczne i fizyczne nanocząsteczek znacznie różnią się od takich substancji o większych rozmiarach. Różne właściwości nanocząsteczek mogą też powodować różne właściwości toksykologiczne. Z tego powodu substancje w postaci nanocząsteczek, w każdym przypadku, oceniane są indywidualnie przez Europejski Urząd ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności (EFSA) pod względem ryzyka dla zdrowia, zanim Komisja Europejska zezwoli na ich stosowanie w materiałach do kontaktu z żywnością.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

nanomaterial; food contact material; risk assessment; nanotechnology; food safety; food packaging; toxicity; testing; consumer safety

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 68
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.321-329,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Cwiek-Ludwicka K.

• National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska street, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Ludwicki J.K.

• Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska street, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

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