Hydrodynamic performance of psammosteids: New insights from computational fluid dynamics simulations

• Autorzy: Dec M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The shape of dermal armor protecting the body in the Paleozoic agnathans such as the Heterostaci has an important hydrodynamic role in providing lift or drag force generation. Here, by performing computational fluid dynamics simulations (CFD), the measurements of hydrodynamic lift/ drag force and lift or drag coefficients were taken for two psammosteids Guerichosteus and Tartuosteus with reference to the pteraspid Errivaspis. This study shows the substantially higher values of the lift coefficient and lift-to-drag ratio for the psammosteids Guerichosteus and Tartuosteus compared with Errivaspis. The tendencies in the evolution of dermal exoskeleton, especially the widening of the branchial plates of psammosteids was directed towards the increased generation of lift force to provide efficient cruising.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 64
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.679-684,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Dec M.

• Institute of Palaeobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• Aleyev, Y.G. 1977. Nekton. vi + 435 pp. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague.
• Blieck, A. 1984. Les Hétérostracés Ptéraspidiformes, Agnathes du Silurien–Dévonien du Continent nord-atlantique et des blocs avoisinants: révision systématique, phylogénie, biostratigraphie, biogéographie. Cahiers de Paléontologie 6. 202 pp. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris.
• Botella, H. and Fariña, R.A. 2008. Flow pattern around the rigid cepha lic shield of the devonian agnathan Errivaspis waynensis (Pteraspidiformes: Heterostraci). Palaeontology 51: 1141–1150.
• Dec, M. 2019. Revision of the Early Devonian psammosteids from the “Placoderm Sandstone” implications for their body shape reconstruction. Palaeontologia Electronica 22.2.36A [published online https://doi.org/10.26879/948]
• Çengel, Y.A. and Cimbala, J.M. 2006. Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications. 992 pp. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, Boston.
• Denison, R.H. 1964. The Cyathaspididae: a family of Silurian and Devonian jawless vertebrates. Fieldiana Geology 13: 30–473.
• Janvier, P. 1996. Early Vertebrates. 393 pp. Oxford Science Publications, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
• Kolář, V. 2007. Vortex identification: New requirements and limitations. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 28: 638–652.
• Mark-Kurik, E. 1992. Functional aspects of the armour in the early vertebrates. In: E. Mark-Kurik (ed.), Fossil Fishes as Living Animals, 107–116. Academia, Tallinn.
• Mark-Kurik, E. and Botella, H. 2009. On the tail of Errivaspis and the condition of the caudal fin in heterostracans. Acta Zoologica 90: 44–51.
• Martinez-Val, R., Perez, E., and Palacin, J.F. 2005. Historical evolution of air transport productivity and efficiency. AIAA 2005-121. In: 43rd
• AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautical and Astronautics, Reno, Nevada.
• Moukalled, F., Mangani, L., and Darwish, M. 2016. The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Advanced Introduction with OpenFOAM® and Matlab. T. 113. Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications. 777 pp. Springer International Publishing, Cham.
• Novitskaya, L.I. 2007. Evolution of generic and species diversity in Agnathans (Heterostraci: orders Cyathaspidiformes, Pteraspidiformes). Paleontological Journal 41: 268–280.
• Obruchev, D. and Mark-Kurik, E. 1965. Psammosteidy (Agnatha, Psammosteidae) devona SSSR. 304 pp. Institute of Geology, Academy of Sciences of the Estonian SSR, Tallinn.
• Patten, W. 1932. Foundation of the face. Scientific Monthly 35: 511–521.
• Rahman, I.A. 2017. Computational Fluid Dynamics as a tool for testing functional and ecological hypotheses in fossil taxa. Palaeontology 60: 451–59.
• Tarlo, L.B. 1957. A preliminary note on new ostracoderms from the Lower Devonian (Emsian) of central Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 2: 225–233.
• Tarlo, L.B. 1964. Psammosteiformes (Agnatha)—a review with descriptions of new material from the Lower Devonian of Poland. Part I. Palaeontologia Polonica 13: 1–135.
• Tarlo, L.B. 1965. Psammosteiformes (Agnatha)—a review with descriptions of new material from the Lower Devonian of Poland. Part II. Palaeontologia Polonica 15: 1–168.
• Webb, P.W. 1984. Body form, locomotion and foraging in aquatic vertebrates. American Zoologist 24: 107–120.
• Van Wassenbergh, S., van Manen, K., Marcroft, T.A., Alfaro, M.E., and Stamhuis, E.J. 2014. Boxfish swimming paradox resolved: forces by the flow of water around the body promote manoeuvrability. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 12: 20141146 [published online, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.1146].

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4202/app.00623.2019