EN
The fauna of root aphids inhabiting the nests of ants in the xerothermal grassland and the moist meadow was investigated. In all plant clusters the total number of 14 aphid species was established. The highest variety of aphid species was observed in the nests of ants inhabiting the xerothermal grassland – 12 species were collected, while in moist meadow collected only 6 species were recorded. Underground living aphids visited by ants in the oak-forest were also the subject of research. In the oak-forest only two species of root aphids were visited by three species of ants. The differences between the aphid faunas of the particular ant species are analysed with reference to the biology of both insect groups. In the case of oak-forest data is discussed with a view of foraging strategies and the interspecific competition between ants visiting aphids.