EN
The article is devoted to the spatial structure of livestock breeding in State Farms in Poland in 1971 by poviats (administrative units) in the state in June. In sequence the fodder problems, cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry breeding, livestock breeding in total and livestock breeding orientations are presented. Cattle amount to 86,1 % of all livestock in State Farms in 1971, growing systematically since post-war years. The huge superiority of cattle in Polish State Farms results from a meat orientation. Pig breeding in Poland was treated as a traditional farmers’ branch of breeding. It was a result of low prices for pork production in State Farms in 60 years (e.g.bad conditions of pigsties, defficulties on the fodder market). For that reason pig production in State Farms in 1971 amounted to only 11 % of all livestock. Sheep breeding in State Farms plays a minimal role, because sheep amount to merely 2,7% of all livestock in State Farms in 1971 and about 15% of all sheep in Poland. Only just in the last few years has sheep breeding become specialized in newly created farms. Up to now too low purchase prices of wool and sheep meat and the absence of a suitable sheepfold has stopped the development of sheep breeding. Poultry breeding in State Farms plays a marginal role in contradistinction to co-operative farms. The application of the method of succesive quotiens (in the version 6/6), well known in Polish geographical literature, allows the determination of 8 livestock breeding orientations. The most frequent is exclusively cattle breeding orientation. It appears in 190 poviats (out of 310 poviats studied). A little less frequent is strongly cattle breeding orientation with a small share of pigs, represented by 82 poviats. Both of these orientations amount to 91.5% of all poviats, in which State Farms were located. 10 poviats represent predominantly cattle breeding orientation with a share of pigs, the most popular livestock breeding orientation in private farming in Poland. The cattle-pigs breeding orientation appears only in 1 poviat and the exclusively pigs breeding orientation in 2 poviats in Białystok voivodship. Only in the city of Warsaw was represented predominantly cattle breeding orientation with a small share of pigs and poultry. The rest of orientations is also sporadic: the strongly cattle breeding orientation with a small share of sheep is represented only by 2 poviats Bieszczady mountains) and exclusively poultry breeding orientation also by 2 poviats. In comparison to private farming, State Farms have somewhat more of a livestock beeding orientations and the location of them is different. The delimitation of the livestock breeding orientations confirms a predominance of cattle in livestock breeding in Polish State Farms. Also one discovers some more rare orientations, although these are specific to State Farms, which don’t happen in private farming in Poland.