Autumn migration of Common Cranes Grus grus through the Italian Peninsula: new vs. historical flyways and their meteorological correlates

• Autorzy: Mingozzi T. , Storino P. , Venuto G. , Alessandria G. , Arcamone E. , Urso S. , Ruggieri L. , Massetti L. , Massolo A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Jesienna wędrówka żurawi przez Włochy: związki szlaków przelotu z warunkami pogodowymi

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Since the 1990s, Common Cranes migrating in autumn through Italy have increased significantly both in number and in flock size. In the present study we provided a countrywide profile of autumn crane migration across Italy between 2001 and 2007 (486 records). To investigate the association of climatic characteristics with temporal and spatial migration patterns, we used weather data and climate anomalies over 60 years (1948-2007; NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Project database). Autumn migration showed different phenological patterns along two main migratory routes: 1) a Southern Italy route and 2) a Northern Italy route. The Southern route, across the lower Adriatic Sea was only partially described before, and more inferred than documented, whereas the Northern route, across the Po River plain, resulted as a new flyway, never described before. Crane migrations along the Northern route occurred 7 to 14 days earlier than along the Southern one. Along both routes, we detected mass migration events concurring with particular weather conditions: the use of Southern route was associated with southward winds in the Balkans, the records along Northern route with high pressure and favourable westward winds in Central Europe and in the main stop-over site (Hortobágy) of likely origin. In the last 60 years, the occurrence of the latter weather configurations has slightly, but consistently, increased, suggesting that the Northern route may have recently established as an alternative route for the cranes migrating from Eastern Europe, joining the two traditional continental routes (the West-European, and the Baltic-Hungarian).

PL

Europejskie żurawie lecą na zimowiska trzema głównymi trasami przelotu (Fig. 1). Od lat 90. XX wieku liczba żurawi lecących jesienią przez Włochy wzrasta zarówno w odniesieniu do liczby osobników, jak i wielkości stad migrujących ptaków. W pracy zebrano dane o przelocie żurawi nad Włochami z lat 2001-2007, do analiz zależności wędrówek od pogody wzięto pod uwagę także dane meteorologiczne dla znanego dużego miejsca przystankowego na Węgrzech (Hortobagi) oraz dane o warunkach pogodowych z lat 1948- 2007. Stwierdzono stały wzrost liczby wędrujących ptaków (Fig. 2), a także inny wzorzec fenologiczny dla północnych i południowych Włoch — ptaki wędrujące na północy kraju lecą wcześniej o 7-14 dni niż na południu (Fig. 3), a liczba ptaków obserwowana nad poszczególnymi częściami kraju różni się pomiędzy latami (Tab. 1, 2). Na podstawie liczby i kierunku przelotu wędrujących ptaków (Fig. 4A) zaproponowano przebieg dwóch głównych szlaków wędrówkowych żurawi na tym obszarze (Fig 4B): północnego i południowego. Dotychczas istnienie tego drugiego było sugerowane w literaturze, natomiast szlak północny jest nowo opisaną drogą wędrówkową. Masowe przeloty żurawi powiązane są z konkretnymi warunkami pogodowymi, przelot szlakiem północnym związany jest z wiatrami zachodnimi wiejącymi w centralnej Europie (Fig. 5). W ostatnich 60-ciu latach częstość występowania takich warunków pogodowych wzrasta, co może sugerować, że powstanie nowego szlaku wędrówkowego wiąże się ze zmianami klimatycznymi.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Ornithologica
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 48
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.165-177,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Mingozzi T.

• Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences - DiBEST, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
• GPSO Piedmont Group of Ornithological Studies, Municipal Museum of Natural Sciences, CP 89-10022 Carmagnola (TO), Italy

autor

Storino P.

• Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences - DiBEST, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy

autor

Venuto G.

• Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences - DiBEST, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy

autor

Alessandria G.

• GPSO Piedmont Group of Ornithological Studies, Municipal Museum of Natural Sciences, CP 89-10022 Carmagnola (TO), Italy

autor

Arcamone E.

• COT, Tuscan Ornithological Center, CP 726-57100 Livorno, Italy

autor

Urso S.

• Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences - DiBEST, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy

autor

Ruggieri L.

• EBN Italia, via Peyron, 10-10143 Torino, Italy

autor

Massetti L.

• IBIMET, Biometeorology Institute, CNR, National Council of Research, Via G. Caproni, 8-50145 Firenze, Italy

autor

Massolo A.

• Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Bibliografia

• Agostini N. 2004. Additional observations of age-dependent migration behaviour in western honey buzzards Pernis apivorus. J. Avian Biol. 35: 469-470.
• Åkesson S., Walinder G., Karlsson L., Ehnbom S. 2002. Nocturnal migratory flight initiation in reed warblers Acrocqjhalus scirpaceus: effect of wind on orientation and timing of migration. J. Avian Biol. 33: 349-357.
• Alonso J. A., Alonso J. C., Nowald G. 2008. Migration and wintering patterns of a central European population of Common Cranes Grus grus. Bird Study 55: 1-7.
• Alonso J. C., Alonso J. A., Cantos Y. F. J., Bautista L. M. 1990a. Spring Crane Grus grus migration through Gallocanta, Spain. I. Daily variation in migration volume. Ardea 78: 365-378.
• Alonso J. A., Alonso J. C., Bautista L. M., Cantos Y. F. J. 1990b. Spring Crane Grus grus migration through Gallocanta, Spain. II. Timing and pattern of daily departures. Ardea 78: 379-388.
• Bäckman J., Alerstram T. 2003. Orientation scatter of free-flying nocturnal passerine migrants: components and causes. Anim. Behav. 65: 987-996.
• Bairlein F., Coppack T. 2006. Migration in the life-history of birds. J. Ornithol. 147: 121.
• Bautista L. M., Alonso J. C., Alonso J. A. 1992. A 20-year study of wintering Common Crane fluctuations using time series analysis. J. Wildlife Manage. 56: 563-572.
• Berthold P. 1991. Genetic control of migratory behaviour in birds. Trends Ecol. Evol. 6: 254-257.
• Berthold P., Helbig A. J., Mohr G., Querner U. 1992. Rapid microevolution of migratory behaviour in a wild bird species. Nature 360: 668-670.
• Berthold P., Pulido F. 1994. Heritability of migratory activity in a natural bird population. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 257: 311-315.
• Birdlife International 2004. Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. BirdLife International.
• Brichetti P. 1981. [Birds. Systematic Encyclopaedia of Italian Avifauna]. Vol. 2. Gruppo Rizzoli Corriere delia Sera, Milano.
• Brichetti P. 2009. [Ornithological Data bank. Italian Bibliography. Version 1900-2007. Electronic version). Available at: http://www.aves.it/bdo2000.htm
• Brichetti P., Fracasso G. 2004. [Italian Ornithology]. Vol. 2. Tetraonidae-Scolopacidae. Alberto Perdisa Editore, Bologna.
• Caula B. 2006. [Extraordinary Crane Grus grus migration]. CuneoBirding (online). Available at: http://www.cuneo-birding.it/file/appro/gru2006.htm
• Corsi F., Dragonetti M. 2010. Svernamento delie Gru Grus grus nei dintorni di Grosseto. Picus 70: 104-106.
• Cramp S., Simmons K. 1980. The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Denac D., Schneider-Jacoby M., Stumberger B. (eds) 2010. Adriatic flyway — closing the gap in bird conservation. Euronatur, Radolfzell, Germany.
• Devictor V., Whittaker R. J., Beltrame C. 2010. Beyond scarcity: citizen science programmes as useful tools for conservation biogeography. Divers. Distrib. 16: 354-362.
• Filippi-Codaccioni O., Moussus J.-P., Urcun J.-P., Jiguet F. 2011. Advanced autumn migration of the Common Crane Grus grus over Western Pyrenean passes. Acta Ornithol. 46: 37-45.
• Gauthreaux S. A. J., Belser C. G., Welch C. M. 2006. Atmospheric trajectories and spring bird migration across the Gulf of Mexico. J. Ornithol. 147: 317-325.
• Glutz von Blotzheim U., Bauer M., Bezzel E. 1973. Handbuch der Vogel Mitteleuropas. Galliformes and Gruiformes. 2nd ed., Vol. 5. AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden.
• Good P. 2000. Permutation tests: a practical guide to resampling methods for testing hypotheses. 2nd ed. Springer Verlag, New York.
• Gordo O. 2007. Why are bird migration dates shifting? A review of weather and climate effects on avian migratory phenology. Clim. Res. 35: 37-58.
• Heinze J. 1983. Sul passo autunnale delia gru Grus grus. Gli Uccelli d'Italia 8: 140-143.
• Helbig A. J. 1996. Genetic basis, mode of inheritance and evolutionary changes of migratory directions in Paleartic warblers (Aves: Sylviidae). J. Exp. Biol. 199: 49-55.
• Hupp J. W., Yamaguchi N., Flint P. L., Pearce J. M., Tokita K., Shimada T., Ramey A. M., Kharitonov S., Higuchi H. 2011. Variation in spring migration routes and breeding distribution of northern pintails Anas acuta that winter in Japan. J. Avian Biol. 42: 289-300.
• Hüppop O., Winkel W. 2006. Climate change and timing of spring migration in the long-distance migrant Ficedula hypoleuca in central Europe: the role of spatially different temperature changes along migration routes. J. Ornithol. 147: 344-353.
• Iapichino C., Massa B. 1989. The birds of Sicily. An annotated check-list. British Ornithologists' Union.
• ICF-MPSLU (International Crane Foundation — Muraviovka Park for Sustainable Land Use) 2010. International Workshop Climate-Cranes-People, Russia, May 29-June 3 2010, Abstracts.
• Kalnay E., Kanamitsu M., Kistler R., Collins W., et al. 1996. The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 77: 437-471.
• Kovács G. 1987. Staging and summering of Cranes Grus grus in the Hortobágy 1975-1985. Aquila 93-94: 153-158.
• Lehikonen E., Sparks T. H. 2010. Changes in migration. In: Møller P. A., Fiedler W., Berthold P. (eds). Effects of climate change on birds. Oxford University Press, pp. 89- 112.
• Libbert W. 1936. Der Zug des Kranichs (Grus grus grus). J. Ornithol. 84: 297-337.
• Libbert W 1938. Der zug des kranichs. J. Ornithol. 86: 374-378.
• Liechti F. 2006. Birds: blowiri by the wind? J. Ornithol. 147: 202-211.
• Liechti F., Bruderer B. 1998. The relevance of wind for optimal migration theory. J. Avian Biol. 29: 561-568.
• Lindstrom A., Ålerstam T. 1992. Optimal fat loads in migrating birds: a test of the time-minimization hypothesis. Am. Nat. 140: 477-491.
• Mehta C. R., Patel N. R. 1996. SPSS Exact Tests 7.0 for Windows®. SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA.
• Meine C., Archibald G. 1996. The Cranes: status survey and conservation action plan. IUCN, The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
• Møller P. A., Fiedler W., Berthold P. (eds) 2010. Effects of climate change on birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
• Newton I. 2008. The migration ecology of birds. Academic Press, London, UK.
• Nowald G. 2010. Colour marking and radio tracking of Common Cranes Grus grus in Germany and Europe — an overview. Vogelwelt 131: 111-116.
• Prange H. 1997. Crane Grus grus. In: Hagemeijer E., Blair M. (eds). The EBCC atlas of European breeding birds: their distribution and abundance. T & A.D. Poyser, London, pp. 240-241.
• Prange H. 1999. Der Zug des Kranichs Grus grus in Europa. Vogelwelt 120: 301-315.
• Prange H. 2005. The status of the Common Crane Grus grus in Europe — breeding, resting, migration, wintering, and protection. Proc. North American Crane Workshop 9:69-77.
• Prange H. 2006. Kranichbrut, Zug und Rast 2005/06 — Crane breeding, migration, and resting 2005/06. Martin-Luther- Universität Halle-Wittenberg, AG Kranichschutz Deutschland, European Crane Working Group.
• Prange H. 2010. Zug und Rast des Kranichs Grus grus und die Veränderungen in vier Jahrzehnten. Vogelwelt 131: 155-167.
• Prange H. 2011. [Increase of the Common Crane Population in Europe and Changes on the West-European Flyway]. Proc. Int. Conf. "Cranes of the Palearctic: biology, conservation, management (in memory of Academician PS. Pallas)" Issue 4, Moscow, Russia, October 11-16 2011, pp. 289-302.
• Pulido F., Berthold P., Mohr G., Querner U. 2001. Heritability of the timing of autumn migration in a natural bird population. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 268: 953-959.
• Rinne J. 1995. The eastern fly way in Europe. In: Prange, H. (ed.). Crane Research and Protection in Europe. Martin- Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Lufthansa, Germany, pp. 141-144.
• Rubolini D., Møller A. P., Rainio K., Lehikoinen E. 2007. Intraspecific consistency and geographic variability in temporal trends of spring migration phenology among European bird species. Clim. Res. 35: 135-146.
• Ruggieri L., Sighele M. 2007. [Yearbook 2006]. EBN Italia.
• Schaub M., Jenni L. 2001. Variation of fuelling rates among sites, days and individuals in migrating passerine birds. Funct. Ecol. 15: 584-594.
• Schenk J. 1938. Der Zug des Kranichs im historischen Ungarn. J. Ornithol. 86: 54-58.
• Schneider-Jacoby M. 2008. How many birds migrate over the Adriatic Sea? Acrocephalus 29: 1-3.
• Siegel S., Castellan N. J. J. 1988. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
• Sokal R. R., Rohlf F. J. 1995. Biometry. 3rd ed., W H. Freeman & C., New York, USA.
• Sparks T. H., Bairlein F., Bojarinova J. G., Hüppop O., Lehikoinen E. A., Rainio K., Sokolov V., Walker D. 2005. Examining the total arrival distribution of migratory birds. Global Change Biol. 11: 22-30.
• Stervander M., Lindstrom A., Jonzen N., Andersson A. 2005. Timing of spring migration in birds: long-term trends, North Atlantic Oscillation and the significance of different migration routes. J. Avian Biol. 36: 210-221.
• Stumberger B., Schneider-Jacoby M. 2010. Importance of the Adriatic Flyway for Common Crane (Grus grus). Proc. 7th European Crane Conference, October 14-17 2010, Stralsund, Germany, pp. 64-68. Available at: http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/nature/bern/doc- uments/072011_IKB/Adriatic_Flyway.pdf.
• Tankersley J., Orvis R., K. 2003. Modelling the geography of migratory pathways and stopover habitats for neotropical migratory birds. Conserv. Ecol. 7(1): 7 (online) http://www.consecol.org/vol7/issl/art7/
• Thorup K., Alerstam T., Hake M., Kjellén N. 2006. Travelling or stopping of migrating birds in relation to wind: an illustration for the osprey. Behav. Ecol. 17: 497-502.
• Thorup K., Rabol J., Erni B. 2007. Estimating variation among individuals in migration direction. J. Avian Biol. 38: 182-189.
• Tøttrup A. P., Thorup K., Rainio K., Yosef R., Lehikoinen E., Rahbek C. 2008. Avian migrants adjust migration in response to environmental conditions en route. Biol. Letters 4: 685-688.
• Végvári Z. 2002. Autumn staging and habitat selection by common cranes Grus grus in the Hortobágy National Park, Hungary. Folia Zool. 51: 221-225.
• Végvári Z., Hansbauer M. H. 2010. The Ortobágy National Park, one of the most important stop-over sites for the Eurasian Crane in Europe: changes and threats. In: ICF-MPSLU (International Crane Foundation — Muraviovka Park for Sustainable Land Use), International Workshop Climate-Cranes-People, Russia, May 29-June 3 2010, Abstracts: 45.
• Végvári Z., Tar J. 2002. Autumn roost site selection by the common crane Grus grus in the Hortobagy National Park, Hungary, between 1995-2000. Ornis Fennica 79: 101-110.
• Weber T. P., Hedenström A. 2000. Optimal stopover decisions under wind infuence: the effects of correlated winds. J. Theor. Biol. 205: 95-104.
• Weidinger K., Kral M. 2007. Climatic effects on arrival and laying dates in a long-distance migrant, the Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis. Ibis 149: 836-847.