Determinants of self-rated health of Warsaw inhabitants

• Autorzy: Supranowicz P. , Wysocki M. J. , Car J. , Debska A. , Gebska-Kuczerowska A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Uwarunkowania samooceny stanu zdrowia mieszkańców Warszawy

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. Self-rated health is a one-point measure commonly used for recognising subjectively perceived health and covering a wide range of individual’s health aspects. Objective. The aim of our study was to examine the extent to which self-rated health reflects the differences due to demographic characteristics, physical, psychical and social well-being, health disorders, occurrence of chronic disease and negative life events in Polish social and cultural conditions. Material and method. Data were collected by non-addressed questionnaire methods from 402 Warsaw inhabitants. The questionnaire contained the questions concerning self-rated health, physical, psychical and social well-being, the use of health care services, occurrence of chronic disease and contact with negative life events. Results. The analysis showed that worse self-rated health increased exponentially with age and less sharply with lower level of education. Pensioners were more likely to assess their own health worse then employed or students. Such difference was not found for unemployed. Compared to married, the self-rated health of divorced or widowed respondents was lower. Gender does not differentiate self-rated health. In regard to well-being, self-rated health linearly decreased for physical well-being, for social and, especially, for psychical well-being the differences were significant, but more complicated. Hospitalisation, especially repeated, strongly determined worse self-rated health. In contrast, relationship between self-rated health and sickness absence or frequency of contact with physician were lower. Chronic diseases substantially increased the risk of poorer self-rated health, and their co-morbidity increased the risk exponentially. The patients with cancer were the group, in which the risk several times exceeded that reported for the patients of other diseases. Regarding negative life events, only experience with violence and financial difficulties were resulted in worse self-rated health. Conclusions. Our findings confirmed the usefulness of self-rated health for public health research.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Samoocena stanu zdrowia jest jednopozycyjnym miernikiem powszechnie stosowanym w celu rozpoznania zdrowia postrzeganego subiektywnie i obejmującym szeroki zakres aspektów zdrowia jednostki. Cel badań. Celem naszych badań było określenie, w jakim stopniu samoocena stanu zdrowia odzwierciedla różnice wynikające z cech demograficznych, samopoczucia fizycznego, psychicznego i społecznego, zaburzeń zdrowia, wystąpienia choroby przewlekłej i negatywnych zdarzeń życiowych w polskich warunkach społecznych i kulturowych. Materiał i metoda. Dane zebrano metodą ankiety nieadresowanej od 402 mieszkańców Warszawy. Ankieta zawierała pytania dotyczące samooceny stanu zdrowia, samopoczucia fizycznego, psychicznego i społecznego, korzystania ze świadczeń opieki zdrowotnej, wystąpienia choroby przewlekłej i zetknięcia się z negatywnymi zdarzeniami życiowymi. Wyniki. Analiza wykazała, że niższa samoocena stanu zdrowia wzrastała wykładniczo wraz z wiekiem i mniej ostro wraz z niższym poziomem wykształcenia. Emeryci byli bardziej skłonni do niskiej oceny własnego zdrowia niż osoby pracujące lub studenci. Różnicy takiej nie stwierdzono w przypadku bezrobotnych. W porównaniu z respondentami pozostającymi w związku małżeńskim, samoocena stanu zdrowia respondentów rozwiedzionych lub owdowiałych była niższa. W odniesieniu do samopoczucia, samoocena stanu zdrowia obniżała się liniowo w przypadku samopoczucia fizycznego, a w przypadku samopoczucia społecznego, a zwłaszcza samopoczucia psychicznego różnice były znaczące, ale bardziej złożone. Hospitalizacja, zwłaszcza wielokrotna, silnie determinowała niską samoocenę tanu zdrowia, zależność między samooceną stanu zdrowia a absencją chorobową lub częstością kontaktowania się z lekarzem była słaba. Choroby przewlekłe znacznie zwiększały ryzyko niskiej samooceny stanu zdrowia, a ich współwystępowanie zwiększało ryzyko w sposób wykładniczy. Chorzy na choroby nowotworowe byli tą grupą, której ryzyko parokrotnie przewyższało ryzyko odnotowane dla innych chorób przewlekłych. Jeśli chodzi o negatywne zdarzenia życiowe, to jedynie doznanie przemocy i trudności finansowe powodowały niską samoocenę stanu zdrowia. Wnioski. Wyniki naszych badań potwierdziły użyteczność samooceny stanu zdrowia do badań w zakresie zdrowia publicznego.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

self-rated health; well-being; health aspect; chronic disease; health status; human disease; self-assessment; public health

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 63
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.273-284,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Supranowicz P.

• Department of Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Wysocki M. J.

• Department of Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Car J.

• Department of Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Debska A.

• Department of Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Gebska-Kuczerowska A.

• Department of Health Promotion and Postgraduate Education, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Chocimska Street 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

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