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2012 | 21 | 1 |

Tytuł artykułu

Investigation of mechanical properties and flow resistance of flexible riverbank vegetation

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
Flexibility of plants in the inter embankment zone makes them bend, to various degrees, under the force of flowing water. Determination of the mechanical properties is crucial for forecasting the behavior of vegetation and determining the hydrodynamic drag forces resulting from vegetation. This is also directly linked to the water table in the channel. Laboratory measurements were carried out for branches of willow, reed and alder, allowing for the determination of modulus elasticity, modulus of non-dilatational strain, limit of elasticity for the twigs, and their humidity. Mechanical properties of samples under investigation mainly depended on the humidity and species of plants. Experimental results confirmed considerable variability of parameters even within samples coming from a single plant.

Słowa kluczowe

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

21

Numer

1

Opis fizyczny

p.201-207,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor
  • Institute of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 24, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland
autor

Bibliografia

  • 1. KŁOSOWSKI S., KŁOSOWSKI G. Flora of Poland: Aquatic and bog plants. Multico Oficyna Wydawnicza, Warszawa, pp. 333, 2006 [In Polish].
  • 2. FLORINETH F. Plants instead concrete. Patzer Verlag, Berlin-Hannover, pp. 272, 2004 [In German].
  • 3. STROBL T., ZUNIC F. Hydraulic current fundamentals –new developments. Springer Berlin, pp. 604, 2006 [In German].
  • 4. GREEN J.C. Modeling flow resistance in vegetated streams: review and development of new theory. Hydrological processes, 19, 1245, 2005.
  • 5. CAROLLO F.G., FERRO V., TERMINI D. Flow resistance law in channels with flexible submerged vegetation. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 131, 554, 2005.
  • 6. WILSON C. Flow resistance models for flexible submered vegetation. Journal of Hydrology, 342, (3-4,1), 213, 2007.
  • 7. JÄRVELÄ J. Flow resistance of flexible and stiff vegetation: a flume study with natural plants. Journal of Hydrology, 269, (1), 44, 2002.
  • 8. PASCHE E., ROUVE´ G. Overbank flow with vegetatively roughened flood plains. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 111, (9), 1262, 1985.
  • 9. KOUWEN N. Field estimation of the biomechanical properties of grass. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 26, (5), 559, 1988.
  • 10. EL-HAKIM, SALAMA M. Velocity distribution inside and above branched flexible roughness. Journal of Irrigation Drainage Engineering, 118, (6), 914, 1992.
  • 11. JÄRVELÄ J. Determination of flow resistance caused by non-submerged woody vegetation. International Journal of River Basin Management, 2, (1), 61, 2004.
  • 12. OPLATKA M. Stability of willow constructions on river banks. Mitt. Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie, 156, ETH Zurich, pp. 217, 1998 [In German].
  • 13. ARMANINI A., RIGHETTI M., GRISENTI P. Direct measurement of vegetation resistance in prototype scale. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 43, (5), 481, 2005.
  • 14. KANE B., SMILEY T. Drag coefficients and crown area estimation of red maple. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 38, (6), 1275, 2006.
  • 15. WILSON C., HOYT J., SCHNAUDER I. Impact of foliage on the drag force of vegetation in aquatic flows. ASCE, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 134, (7), 885, 2008.
  • 16. TSUJIMOTO T., KITAMURA T., FUJII Y., NAKAGAWA H. Hydraulic resistance of flow with flexible vegetation in open channel. Journal of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering, 14, (1), 47, 1996.
  • 17. EBRAHIMI N. G., FATHI-MOGHADAM M., KASHEFIPOUR S. M., SANEIE M., EBRAHIMI K. Effects of flow and vegetation states on river roughness coefficients. Journal of Applied Sciences, 8, (11), 2118, 2008.
  • 18. STEPHAN U. Hydraulic resistance of flexible vegetation. PhD thesis, Fakultät für Bauingenieurwesen, Technische Universitat Wien, 180, pp. 165, 2001 [In German].
  • 19. KOUWEN N., FATHI-MOGHADAM M. Friction factors for coniferous trees along rivers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 126, (10), 732, 2000.
  • 20. SHI B., WANG C., YIN Z., ZHAO L. Roughness coefficient relations of open channel with flexible submerged vegetation. Advances in Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, 2, 639, 2009.
  • 21. MIREK Z. et. al. Flowering plants and pteridophytes of Poland. A checklist. W.Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Science, Kraków, pp. 442, 2002.
  • 22. PN-63/D-04117 Polish Standard: Testing of the modulus of elasticity for wood [In Polish].
  • 23. PN-77/D-04100 Polish Standard: Testing of the wood humidity [In Polish].
  • 24. MENCUCCINI M., GRACE J., FIORAVANTI M. Biomechanical and hydraulic determinants of tree structure in Scots pine: anatomical characteristics. Tree Physiology, 17, 105, 1997.
  • 25. KOKOCIŃSKI W. Wood: Measurement of its physical and mechanical properties. Prodruk Poznań, pp. 201, 2004 [In Polish].

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

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