Can autism be triggered by acetaminophen activation of the endocannabinoid system?

• Autorzy: Schultz S.T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Acetaminophen use in children has been associated with increased autism risk. Recent evidence suggests that acetaminophen’s analgesic actions result from activation of the endocannabinoid system, and activation of this system can have neuromodulatory consequences during development. This investigation was performed to determine if there is evidence to support the hypothesis that acetaminophen use can trigger autism by activation of the endocannabinoid system.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 70
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.227-231,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Schultz S.T.

• Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA

Bibliografia

• Alberti A, Pirrone P, Elia M, Waring RH, Romano C (1999) Sulphation deficit in "low-functioning" autistic children: a pilot study. Biol Psychiatry 46: 420-424.
• American Psychiatric Association (1994) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC. Anavi-Goffer S, Mulder J (2009) The polarized life of the endocannabinoid system in CNS development. Chembiochem 10: 1591-1598.
• Ashwood P, Van de Water J (2004) Is autism an autoimmune disease? Autoimmun Rev 3: 557-562.
• Ashwood P, Wills S, Van de Water J (2006) The immune response in autism: a new frontier for autism research. J Leukoc Biol 80: 1-15.
• Bauman ML, Kemper TL (2005) Neuroanatomic observa­tions of the brain in autism: a review and future direc­tions. Int J Dev Neurosci 23: 183-187.
• Becker KG, Schultz ST (2009) Similarities in features of autism and asthma and a possible link to acetaminophen use. Med Hypotheses 74: 7-11.
• Bertolini A, Ferrari A, Ottani A, Guerzoni S, Tacchi R, Leone S (2006) Paracetamol: new vistas of an old drug. CNS Drug Rev 12: 250-275.
• Campolongo P, Trezza V, Palmery M, Trabace L, Cuomo V (2009) Developmental exposure to cannabinoids causes subtle and enduring neurofunctional alterations. Int Rev Neurobiol 85: 117-133.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009) Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventible Diseases (11th ed.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
• Chen W, Landau S, Sham P, Fombonne E (2004) No evi­dence for links between autism, MMR and measles virus. Psychol Med 34: 543-553.
• Cohly HH, Panja A (2005) Immunological findings in autism. Int Rev Neurobiol 71: 317-341.
• Connolly AM, Chez MG, Pestronk A, Arnold ST, Mehta S, Deuel RK (1999) Serum autoantibodies to brain in Landau-Kleffner variant, autism, and other neurologic disorders. J Pediatr 134: 607-613.
• Cotterill RM (1985) Fever in autistics. Nature 313: 426.
• Courchesne E, Pierce K, Schumann CM, Redcay E, Buckwalter JA, Kennedy DP, Morgan J (2007) Mapping early brain development in autism. Neuron 56: 399-413.
• Curran LK, Newschaffer CJ, Lee LC, Crawford SO, Johnston MV, Zimmerman AW (2007) Behaviors associated with fever in children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 120: e1386-1392.
• Defendi GL, Tucker JR (2009) Overview: toxicity, acet­aminophen. [Available at: http://emedicine.medscape. com/article/1008683-overview; accessed March 8, 2010].
• Dales L, Hammer SJ, Smith NJ (2001) Time trends in autism and MMR immunization coverage in California. JAMA 285: 1183-1185.
• Department of Developmental Services, California Health and Human Services Agency (1999) Changes in the population of persons with autism and pervasive develop­mental disorders in California's Developmental Services System: 1987 through 1998. A Report to the Legislature March 1, 1999. California Health and Human Services Agency, Sacramento, CA. [Available at: http://www.dds. ca.gov/Autism/docs/autism_report_1999.pdf].
• Drysdale AJ, Platt B (2003) Cannabinoids: mechanisms and therapeutic applications in the CNS. Curr Med Chem 10: 2719-2732.
• Entstrom AM, Onore CE, Van de Water JA, Ashwood P (2009) Differential monocyte responses to TLR ligands in children with autism spectrum disorders. Brain Behav Immun 24: 64-71.
• Fombonne E (2003) Epidemiological surveys of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders: an update. J Autism Dev Disord 33: 365-382.
• Fraga D, Zanoni CI, Rae GA, Prada CA, Souza GE (2009) Endogenous cannabinoids induce fever through the acti­vation of CB1 receptors. Br J Pharmacol 157: 1494­1501.
• Fride E, Gobshtis FE, Dahan H, Weller A, Giuffrida A, Ben- Shabat S (2009) The endocannabinoid system during development: emphasis on Perinatal events and delayed effects. Vitam Horm 81: 139-158.
• Furlano RI, Anthony A, Day R, Brown A, McGarvey L, Thomson MA, Davies SE, Berelowitz M, Forbes A, Wakefield AJ, Walker-Smith JA, Murch SH (2001) Colonic CD8 and gamma delta T-cell infiltration with epithelial damage in children with autism. J Pediatr 138: 366-372.
• Harkany T, Mackie K, Doherty P (2008) Wiring and firing neuronal networks: endocannabinoids take center stage. Cur Opin Neurobiol 18: 338-345.
• Hogestatt ED, Jonsson BA, Ermund A, Andersson DA, Bjork H, Alexander JP, Cravatt BF, Basbaum AI, Zygmunt PM (2005) Conversion of acetaminophen to the bioactive N-acylphenolamine AM404 via fatty acid amide hydro- lase-dependent arachidonic acid conjugation in the ner­vous system. J Biol Chem 280: 31405-31412.
• Jager G, Ramsey NF (2008) Long-term consequences of adolescent cannabis exposure on the development of cog­nition, brain structure and function: an overview of animal and human research. Curr Drug Abuse Rev 1: 114-123.
• Jyonouchi H, Geng L, Ruby A, Zimmerman-Bier B (2005) Dysregulated innate immune responses in young children with autism spectrum disorders: their relationship to gas­trointestinal symptoms and dietary intervention. Neuropsychobiology 51: 77-85.
• Kawashima H, Mori T, Kashiwagi Y, Takekuma K, Hoshika A, Wakefield A (2000) Detection and sequencing of measles virus from peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and autism. Dig Dis Sci 45: 723-729.
• Kawashti MI, Amin OR, Rowehy NG (2006) Possible immunological disorders in autism: concomitant autoim- munity and immune tolerance. Egypt J Immunol 13: 99-104.
• Li X, Chauhan A, Sheikh AM, Patil S, Chauhan V, Li XM, Ji L, Brown T, Malik M (2009) Elevated immune response in the brain of autistic patients. J Neuroimmun 207: 111-116.
• Lunn CA, Reich E-P, Fine JS, Lavey B, Kozlowski JA, Hipkin RW, Lundell DJ, Bober L (2008) Biology and therapeutic potential of cannabinoid CB2 receptor inverse agonists. Br J Pharmacol 153: 226-239.
• Madsen KM, Hviid A, Vestergaard M, Schendel D, Wohlfahrt J, Thorsen P, Olsen J, Melbye M (2002) A population- based study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination and autism. N Engl J Med 347: 1477-1482.
• Mallet C, Daulhac L, Bonnefont J, Ledent C, Etienne M, Chapuy E, Libert F, Eschalier A (2008) Endocannabinoid and serotonergic systems are needed for acetaminophen- induced analgesia. Pain 139: 190-200.
• Martin LA, Ashwood P, Braunschweig D, Cabanlit M, Van de Water J, Amaral DG (2008) Stereotypies and hyperac­tivity in rhesus monkeys exposed to IgG from mothers of children with autism. Brain Behav Immun 22: 806-816.
• Molloy CA, Morrow AL, Meinzen-Derr J, Schleifer K, Dienger K, Manning-Courtney P, Altaye M, Wills-Karp M (2006) Elevated cytokine levels in children with autism spectrum disorder. J Neuroimmunol 172: 198-205.
• Peltola H, Patja A, Leinikki P, Valle M, Davidkin I, Paunio M (1998) No evidence for measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine-associated inflammatory bowel disease or autism in a 14-year prospective study. Lancet 351: 1327-1328.
• Pessah IN, Seegal RF, Lein PJ, LaSalle J, Yee BK, Van De Water J, Berman RF (2008) Immunologic and neurode- velopmental susceptibilities of autism. Neurotoxicology 29: 532-545.
• Rajesh M, Mukhopadhyay P, Batkai S, Hasko G, Liaudet L, Huffman JW, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z, Mackie K, Chatterjee S, Pacher P (2007) CB2-receptor stimulation attenuates TNF-alpha-induced human endothelial cell activation, transendothelial migration of monocytes, and monocyte- endothelial adhesion Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H2210-H2218.
• Schultz ST, Klonoff-Cohen HS, Wingard DL, Akshoomoff NA, Macera CA, Ji M, Bacher C (2006) Breastfeeding, infant formula supplementation, and Autistic Disorder: the results of a parent survey. Int Breastfeed J 1: 16.
• Schultz ST, Klonoff-Cohen HS, Wingard DL, Akshoomoff NA, Macera CA, Ji M (2008) Acetaminophen (paraceta­mol) use, measles-mumps-rubella vaccination, and autis­tic disorder: the results of a parent survey. Autism 12: 293-307.
• Singh VK, Warren RP, Odell JD, Warren WL, Cole P (1993) Antibodies to myelin basic protein in children with autistic behavior. Brain Behav Immun 7: 97-103.
• Singh VK, Lin SX, Newell E, Nelson C (2002) Abnormal measles-mumps-rubella antibodies and CNS autoim­munity in children with autism. J Biomed Sci 9: 359­364.
• Singh VK, Jensen RL (2003) Elevated levels of measles anti­bodies in children with autism. Pediatr Neurol 28: 292-294.
• Sullivan RC (1980) Why do autistic children...? J Autism Dev Disord 10: 231-241.
• Taylor B, Miller E, Farrington P, Petropoulos MC, Favot- Mayaud I, Li J, Waight PA (1999) Autism and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: no epidemiological evi­dence for a causal association. Lancet 353: 2026-2029.
• Tolon RM, Nunez E, Pazos MR, Benito C, Castillo AI, Martinez-Orgado JA, Romero J (2009) The activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptors stimulates in situ and in vitro beta-amyloid removal by human macrophages. Brain Res 1283: 148-154.
• Torres AR (2003) Is fever suppression involved in the etiol­ogy of autism and neurodevelopmental disorders? BMC Pediatrics 3: 9.
• Uhlmann V, Martin CM, Sheils O, Pilkington L, Silva I, Killalea A, Murch SB, Walker-Smith J, Thomson M, Wakefield AJ, O'Leary JJ (2002) Potential viral patho­genic mechanism for new variant inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Pathol 55: 84-90.
• Wakefield AJ, Anthony A, Murch SH, Thomson M, Montgomery SM, Davies S, O'Leary JJ, Berelowitz M, Walker-Smith JA (2000) Enterocolitis in children with developmental disor­ders. Am J Gastroenterol 95: 2285-2295.
• Warren RP, Singh VK, Averett RE, Odell JD, Maciulis A, Burger RA, Daniels WW, Warren WL (1996) Immunogenetic studies in autism and related disorders. Mol Chem Neuropathol 28: 77-81.
• Wills S, Cabanlit M, Bennett J, Ashwood P, Amaral D, Van de Water J (2007) Autoantibodies in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Ann N Y Acad Sci 1107: 79-91.

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu