Zastosowanie filtracji membranowej w rafinacji olejów roślinnych

• Autorzy: Onacik-Gur S. , Zbikowska A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Application of membrane filtration in vegetable oil refining

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Celem pracy było przedstawienie możliwości zastosowania filtracji membranowej jako alternatywy dla konwencjonalnej rafinacji olejów roślinnych. Praca została przygotowana na podstawie przeglądu literatury - najważniejszych publikacji dotyczących membranowego oczyszczania olejów. Podczas konwencjonalnego procesu rafinacji z oleju poza niepożądanymi składnikami usuwane są również cenne żywieniowo witaminy i związki o właściwościach przeciwutleniających. Oczyszczanie oleju za pomocą procesów membranowych redukuje utratę składników pożądanych. Innymi zaletami procesów membranowych są niskie koszty związane ze zużyciem energii, co jest bardzo istotne dla producentów tłuszczów, ponieważ może prowadzić do obniżenia kosztów produkcji. Ponadto możliwe jest wykorzystanie filtracji membranowej w warunkach przemysłowych. Główną barierą uniemożliwiającą obecnie zastosowanie tych technik jest niska wydajność procesu, dlatego naukowcy wciąż pracuj ą nad jej zwiększeniem. Prowadzą badania mające na celu dobranie odpowiednich parametrów procesu (np. ciśnienie, temperatura) i rodzaju rozpuszczalnika oraz opracowanie nowych materiałów do produkcji membran odpornych na rozpuszczalniki organiczne.

EN

The aim of this work was to present the applicability of membrane filtration as an alternative to conventional refining of vegetable fats. The work has been prepared based on literature review of the most important publications concerning membrane purification of oils. Row vegetable oils contain many accompanying substances that may have negative effect on the oil quality. During the conventional oil refining, except the unwanted ingredients, there are removed nutritionally valuable vitamins and antioxidants. Purification of oil by membrane processing reduces the loss of desirable components. Other advantages of membrane processing are low costs of energy and water consumption, what is very important for producers, because it results in reduction of production cost. The disadvantage of membrane techniques is a very low permeate flow of pure oil. To be able to increase the flow, which is related to the efficiency of the process, organic solvents have to be used to decrease viscosity. Membrane processes can be used for degumming, pigment removal, deacidification and solvent recovery. Membranes used for oil purification are made of ceramic or polymer composite materials, which have smaller pores and remove better unwanted substances, but are less resistant to organic solvents. This method has a particular significance in palm oil degumming, because it removes gums effectively (even 100%) and in a smaller amounts substances, which are nutritionally important, such as: carotenes and tocopherols. Pigment removal done by membranes may decrease chlorophylls content in soybean oil up to 96%. Free fatty acids can be removed in 58% that is why this process needs to be supported to increase effectiveness by other substances such as sodium hydroxide solution. Solvent removal from miscel in conventional oil refining is a very expensive process and it requires high energy inputs. Membrane processes are a good alternative for solvent recovery and it helps to save costs. The efficiency of this process riches even 99%. Laboratory studies showed that membrane processes can be used in edible oil refining industry. Many scientists are still working on efficiency improvement of membrane processing in the field of oil purification. They make researches aimed to choose a proper solvents and process parameters of temperature, pressure and size of pores by developing new materials for membranes resistant to organic solvents.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: 581
• Opis fizyczny: s.51-62,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Onacik-Gur S.

autor

Zbikowska A.

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