Melatonin as an antioxidant: biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiological implications in humans

• Autorzy: Reiter R. J. , Tan D. , Mayo J.C. , Sainz R.M. , Leon J. , Czarnocki Z.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This brief resume enumerates the multiple actions of melatonin as an antioxidant. This indoleamine is produced in the vertebrate pineal gland, the retina and possibly some other organs. Additionally, however, it is found in invertebrates, bacteria, uni­cellular organisms as well as in plants, all of which do not have a pineal gland. Melatonin's functions as an antioxidant include: a), direct free radical scavenging, b), stimulation of antioxidative enzymes, c), increasing the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reducing electron leakage (thereby lowering free radical generation), and 3), augmenting the efficiency of other antioxidants. There may be other functions of melatonin, yet undiscovered, which enhance its abil­ity to protect against molecular damage by oxygen and nitrogen-based toxic reac- tants. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have documented the ability of both physiological and pharmacological concentrations to melatonin to protect against free radical destruction. Furthermore, clinical tests utilizing melatonin have proven highly successful; because of the positive outcomes of these studies, melatonin's use in disease states and processes where free radical damage is involved should be in­creased.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

melatonin; man; sepsis; respiratory distress; antioxidant; free radical; neurodegeneration; antioxidative enzyme

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Biochimica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: 50
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.1129-1146,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Reiter R. J.

• University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA

autor

Tan D.

autor

Mayo J.C.

autor

Sainz R.M.

autor

Leon J.

autor

Czarnocki Z.

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