The importance of benthic fauna in the diet of small common bream Abramis brama [L.] roach Rutilus rutilus [L.], pikeperch Sander lucioperca [L.] and ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus [L.] in the Wloclawek Reservoir

• Autorzy: Kakareko T
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The food composition of small common bream, roach, pikeperch and ruffe was studied in the shore area of the Włocławek Reservoir between July and October 1999. Zoobenthos and pelagic Chironomidae pupae dominated. Rotifers, copepods and cladoceran pelagic zooplankton were almost not consumed at all. Common bream fed mainly on benthic cladoceran Chydoridae and Chironomidae larvae. Roach consumed vegetation, Chironomidae larvae and small molluscs Sphaeriidae. Ruffe ate Chironomidae larvae, and pikeperch ate fish and various developmental stages of Chironomidae. Pelophilous chironomid forms, mainly from the genus Chironomus, dominated among the consumed larvae. Due to its exceptional abundance, the benthic fauna in the Włocławek Reservoir is an attractive food source for fish, and it plays an important role in their diet from the earliest life stages onwards. The benthic fauna also provides good developmental conditions, especially for typical benthic feeders.

PL

Zbadano skład pokarmu 61 małych leszczy i 53 płoci oraz 48 małych sandaczy i 44 jazgarzy pozyskanych ze Zbiornika Włocławskiego 21 lipca, 24 sierpnia i 3 października 1999 roku. Ryby odławiano późnym popołudniem lub wieczorem, w płytkim (0,5-2 m głębokości) pasie przybrzeżnym (40-50 m szerokości) w rozlewiskowej części zbiornika, przy prawym brzegu na wysokości około 640-641 km biegu Wisły. W pokarmie badanych ryb dominował zoobentos i pelagiczne poczwarki Chironomidae. Wrotkowo-widłonogowo-wioślarkowy zooplankton pelagiczny nie był prawie wcale zjadany. Leszcz spożywał głównie naddenne wioślarki Chydoridae oraz larwy Chironomidae (łącznie w poszczególnych miesiącach stanowiły one od 83 do 92% udziału wagowego - tab. 1), płoć - pokarm roślinny, larwy Chironomidae oraz drobne małże Sphaeriidae (od 98 do 100% - tab. 2), jazgarz - larwy Chironomidae (od 99 do 100% - tab. 3), a sandacz - ryby i różne stadia rozwojowe Chironomidae (od 99 do 100% - tab. 3). Wśród zjadanych larw ochotkowatych dominowały pelofilne formy z rodzaju Chironomus. Zbiornik Włocławski jest typowo rzecznym, silnie przepływowym (czas retencji wynosi 4-5 dni), płytkim i wysoce eutroficznym zbiornikiem zaporowym. Obfitość fauny dennej jest w nim wyjątkowo duża, a zooplanktonu pelagicznego jest znacznie mniej. W takich warunkach zoobentos jest atrakcyjnym źródłem pokarmu dla różnych gatunków ryb (zróżnicowanych pod względem możliwości pobierania pokarmu dennego) i już od wczesnych etapów ich życia odgrywa ważną rolę w odżywianiu się. Stwarza to dogodne warunki do rozwoju zwłaszcza dla typowych bentosożerców.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

fish; dam reservoir; Poland; roach; Abramis brama; pike perch; common bream; ruffe; diet; Rutilus rutilus; Wloclawek Reservoir; Gymnocephalus cernuus; Stizostedion lucioperca; benthic fauna; food composition

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Archives of Polish Fisheries
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: 10
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.221-231,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Kakareko T

• Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Hydrobiology, Nicholas Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, 87-100 Torun, Poland

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