Mining association rules applied to goethite and haematite abundances in manganese-contaminated soils

• Autorzy: Ekosse G -I E , Forcheh N.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Mining association rules (MAR) are applied in elucidating on the abundances and association of Fe minerals in soils within the proximity of an abandoned manganese oxide (MnO^) mine. Four hundred soil samples were obtained from a 4 km2 area close to the abandoned mine in Kgwakgwe, Botswana. The Fe minerals in the soil samples were identified by x-ray diffractometry. Results depicted haematite and goe- thite present in different abundances: none, trace, minor and major in soils from the study area but only haematite in soils from the control site. From 16 possible combinations of the two Fe minerals in the soil samples, MAR results for confidence, certainty factor, lift and support, depicted haematite in major quan­tity to be the most influential. This fact is substantiated by its occurrence in the country shales.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

mining association rule; manganese oxide; soil sample; mineral; iron; X-ray powder diffraction; spatial distribution; contaminated soil; chemical constituent

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: 16
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.531-538,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Ekosse G -I E

• University of Limpopo, P/Bag X1106 Sovenga 0727, South Africa

autor

Forcheh N.

Bibliografia

• 1. BOHN H. L., MCNEAL B. L., O'CONNOR G. A. Soil Chemistry. 3rd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 307, 2001.
• 2. EKOSSE G., FOUCHE P. S. Environmental association of iron minerals and iron concentrations in soils close to an abandoned manganese mine - a multivariate analytical approach. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 10 (1), 31, 2006.
• 3. EKOSSE G., MODISI M. P. Mineralogical characterization, genesis and possible economic applications of goethite occur­rences at the Lower Transvaal Supergroup, Kgwakgwe, Bo­tswana. Botswana Journal of Earth Sciences 4, 6, 1999.
• 4. AGRAWAL R., IMIELINSKI T., SWAMI A. Mining associ­ation rules between sets of items in large databases, in: Proc. of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD Conference, pp.207-216, 1993.
• 5. HAHSLER M. A. Comparison of commonly used inter­est measures of association rules. http://wwwai.wu.wien. ac.at/~hahsler/research/association_rules/measures.html ac­cessed on (10/29/2005).
• 6. LI Q., FENG L., WONG A. From intra-transaction to gener­alized inter-transaction: Landscaping multidimensional con­texts in association rule mining. Information Sciences 172, 361, 2005.
• 7. YAN P., CHEN G. Discovering a cover set of ARsi with hierarchy from quantitative databases. Information Sciences 173, 319, 2005.
• 8. MELAB N. Information Data Mining: A Key Contribution to E-business. & Communications Technology Law, 10 (3), 309, 2001.
• 9. BERZAL F., BLANCO I., S'ANCHEZ D., VILA, M. A. Measuring the accuracy and interest of association rules: A new framework. Intelligent Data Analysis 6, 221, 2002.
• 10. RICHARDS G., RAYWARD-SMITH V. J. The discovery of association rules from tabular databases comprising nomi­nal and ordinal attributes. Intelligent Data Analysis 9, 289, 2005.
• 11. SCHEFFER T. Finding association rules that trade support optimally against confidence. Intelligent Data Analysis 9, 381, 2005.
• 12. BRIN S., MOTWANI R., ULLMAN J. D., TSUR, S. Dy­namic itemset counting and implication rules for market basket data. In % Of the ACM SIGMOD Int'l Conf. on Man­agement data (ACM SIGMOD'97), pp. 265-276, 1997.
• 13. SHORTLIFFE E., BUCHANAN B. A model of inexact rea­soning in medicine, Mathematical Biosciences, 23, 351, 1975.
• 14. CARNEY J. N., ADLISS D. T., LOCK N. P. The geology of Botswana. Bulletin of the Geological Survey Department, Botswana. 37, 113, 1994.
• 15. TOMBALE A. R. Geological map of the Jwaneng area (QDS 2424D)(1:125 000) with brief description, Geologi­cal Survey of Botswana, Government Printer, Gaborone, Botswana, 1986.
• 16. EKOSSE G., VINK B. W. The Kgwakgwe manganese ox­ides in the Kanye area, southeast Botswana - evidence for shallow aqueous paleo-environment. Botswana Notes and Records 30, 147, 1998.
• 17. EKOSSE G., VINK B. W. The geology and mineralogy of the manganiferous, ferrugenous and argillaceous sediments in the Kgwakgwe basin, Lower Transvaal Supergroup, Kanye area, Botswana. Botswana Journal of Earth Sciences 5, 8, 2001.
• 18. CREPIN J., JOHNSON R.L. Soil sampling for environmen­tal assessment. In Carter R. M. (Ed) Soil sampling and meth­ods of analyses, Boca Rotan LEWIS Publishers, pp. 823, 1993.
• 19. JEWELL M.C., HENSLEY P. J., BARRY D.A., ACWORTH I. Site investigation and monitoring techniques for contami­nated sites and potential waste disposal sites. In Fell R., Philips T., Gerrad C., (Eds) Geotechnical management of waste and contamination, (Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema), pp. 3-39, 1993.
• 20. INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR DIFFRACTION DATA. International Centre for Diffraction Data. Mineral Powder Diffraction File Databook. pp. 942, 2001.