The effect of mercury, copper and cadmium during single and combined exposure on oxygen consumption of Oncorhynchus mykiss Wal. and Cyprinus carpio L. larvae

• Autorzy: Jezierska B , Sarnowski P
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The oxygen consumption of common carp and rainbow trout larvae exposed to mercury, cadmium and copper was measured. The experiment was performed on seven-month-old common carp (0.9-1.39 g) and one-month-old rainbow trout larvae (1.2-1.5 g) reared under laboratory conditions. The fish were treated for one hour with solutions of a single metal or mixtures of Hg+Cd, Cd+Cu or Hg+Cu. The concentrations of single metals or mixtures were 0.025,0.05,0.1 and 0.2 mg l⁻¹. Both single metals and mixtures reduced oxygen consumption in a concentration-dependent way. The results indicate that the oxygen consumption rate is a reliable indicator of metal toxicity to fish. The levels of oxygen consumption decrease indicate that the rankings of metal toxicity for the given nominal trace metal concentration are Hg+Cu > Cu > Cd+Cu > Cd+Hg > Cd for common carp and Hg+Cu > Cu > Cd+Hg > Hg for rainbow trout. The results show that copper is most toxic to both fish species. The mixtures are more toxic than single metals are and cause a greater reduction in oxygen consumption. Common carp larvae are apparently more sensitive to cadmium, while rainbow trout is more sensitive to mercury.

PL

W prezentowanej pracy badano zużycie tlenu przez 7-miesięczne larwy karpia (0,9-1,39 g) i 1-miesięczne larwy pstrąga tęczowego o podobnej masie (1,2 - 1,5 g). Ryby były eksponowane przez 1 godzinę w środowisku zawierającym jony rtęci, kadmu i miedzi pojedynczo lub w mieszaninach: Hg+Cd, Cd+Cu, Hg+Cu. Stężenia pojedynczych metali i ich mieszanin wynosiły odpowiednio: 0,025, 0,05, 0,1,0,2 mg l⁻¹.Metale działając pojedynczo, jak i w mieszaninach obniżają zużycie tlenu tym bardziej im większe jest ich stężenie. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że zużycie tlenu jest dobrym wskaźnikiem toksycznego działania metalu na ryby (tab. 1). Na podstawie obniżenia zużycia tlenu można ustalić następujący ranking toksyczności metali: Hg+Cu > Cu > Cd+Cu > Cd+Hg > Cd dla karpia i Hg+Cu > Cu > Cd+Hg > Hg dla pstrąga. Wyniki wskazują, że miedź jest najbardziej toksyczna dla obydwu gatunków ryb. Mieszaniny są bardziej toksyczne niż pojedyncze metale i powodują większe obniżenie zużycia tlenu. Larwy karpia są wyraźnie bardziej wrażliwe na działanie kadmu, a pstrąga na działanie rtęci.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

metal mixture; fish; mercury; Cyprinus carpio; Oncorhynchus mykiss; cadmium; oxygen consumption; rainbow trout; copper; larva; common carp; heavy metal

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Archives of Polish Fisheries
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: 10
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.15-22,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Jezierska B

• Department of Animal Physiology, Podlaska Academy, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland

autor

Sarnowski P

• Department of Animal Physiology, Podlaska Academy, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland

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