Occurrence requirements and spatial organisation of cowslip (Primula veris L.) natural populations from the Wielkopolska region were examined. On three chosen localities of P. veris the permanent plots were established in 1996 and 1997. The chemical analyses of the soil samples were made and the participation of different species in the examined populations was determined. On the basis of cartographic documentation and the value of the dispersion coefficient, the type of the spatial structure was determined.