EN
The rheological properties of chemically cross-linked waxy maize starch (CWMS) dispersed in water has been studied in relation to its swelling behaviour. The main parameters that were considered were starch concentration (2-4%), pasting temperature (96°C-136°C) and shear conditions (~105 s-1). The swelling behaviour was assessed by means of swelling experiments and by a measure of the size distribution of the swollen particles. The rheological study was performed by means of steady shear measurements (viscometry) and in oscillatory shear (viscoelasticity). In all conditions, starch dispersions exhibited the behaviour of suspensions of swollen particles as assessed from viscosity measurements. The flow behaviour of the dispersions was shear-thinning and a yield stress was clearly evidenced when the concentration was high enough. The viscoelastic behaviour became measurable as soon as the volume fraction of starch swollen particles was high enough for them to fill a large part of the available volume. This was typical of a gel-like system with G' > G" and a flat frequency dependence of G. All these properties strongly depended upon the pasting temperature with an optimum determined by the degree of cross- linking of starch granules. Sensitivity of starch granules to shear also was strongly dependent upon the pasting temperature. When starch granules were undercooked, their swelling properties, and hence their rheological properties, were reinforced by high shearing. In contrast, when the starch granules were overcooked the rheological properties were depressed by shearing as a result of their high fragility. These overall results allow ways to evaluate the swelling behaviour of crosslinked starch in the formulation of starchy products according to processing conditions.
PL
Badano pęcznienie chemicznie sieciowanych woskowych skrobi kukurydzianych (CWMS) zawieszonych w wodzie. Głównymi parametrami branymi pod uwagę były stężenie skrobi (2-4%), temperatura żelowania (96-136°C) i warunki ścinania (~105 s-1). Pęcznienie obserwowano doświadczalnie oraz przez pomiar rozkładu rozmiaru spęczniałych gałeczek. Pomiary reologiczne wykonano wiskozymetrycznie i metodą oscylacyjną (lepkosprężystość). W każdym przypadku zawiesiny skrobi wykazywały pęcznienie z rozrzedzaniem spowodowanym ścinaniem. Zachowanie się zawiesin spęcznionej skrobi było typowe dla pseudożelowanych układów z G' > G" i płaskim przebiegiem zależności częstość – G'. Właściwości te zdecydowanie zależały od temperatury kleikowania z maksimum zależnym od stopnia usieciowania gałeczek skrobiowych. Przy niezupełnym skleikowaniu gałeczek obserwowano wysoką wartość ścinania. Po nadmiernym gotowaniu lepkość kleików spadała.