Studies on insecticidal potential of extracts of Gmelina arborea products for control of field pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata [L.] WALP: the pod borer, Maruca vitrata and the coreid bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis

• Autorzy: Oparaeke A M

Warianty tytułu

PL

Badania nad potencjalem insektycydowym ekstraktow z Gmelina arborea, srodkow do zwalczania Maruca vitrata i Clavigralla tomentosicollis, szkodnikow Vigna unguiculata [L.] WALP

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The insecticidal efficacy of Gmelina arborea L. product extracts was assayed for suitability in controlling the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) and the pod sucking bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stäl (Hemiptera:Coreidae) on cowpea. Field studies conducted in 1999 and 2000 cropping seasons at the research farm of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru showed that extract of Gmelina arborea fruit at 10% (w/v) caused impressive reduction ofboth pests and protected the pods from serious damage. Grain yield was higher in the fruit extract treated plants compared to the leaf, bark treatments and the untreated control. However, all the Gmelina products’ extracts were superior (p < 0.05) to the untreated control but was not better than the synthetic insecticide (Sherpa Plus) used in all the assessments made. This study is the first reported case ofthe potential of Gmelina arborea products’ extracts for control of Maruca pod borer larvae and pod sucking bug on field cowpea. This plant could add to the pool of herbal landraces already found to be insecticidal to insect pests of tropical crops if explored and exploited for use by limited resource farmers in tropical countries.

PL

Określono aktywność insektycydową ekstraktów otrzymanych z Gmelina arborea L. w celu zbadania ich przydatności do zwalczania Maruca vitrata Fab. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) i Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal (Hemiptera: Coreidae), szkodników Vigna unguiculata. Eksperymenty polowe przeprowadzone w sezonach upraw w latach 1999 i 2000 na farmie Instytutu Badań Rolniczych w Samaru wykazały, że ekstrakt z owoców Gmelina arborea o stężeniu 10% (w/v) powoduje widoczną redukcję obu szkodników i chroni strąki przed poważnymi uszkodzeniami. Wydajność ziarna w roślinach traktowanych ekstraktem z owoców w porównaniu do traktowanych ekstraktem z liści, kory i nietraktowanych była wyższa, jakkolwiek wszystkie produkty (ekstrakty) otrzymane z Gmelina przewyższyły pod tym względem (P<0,05) próbę kontrolną. Żaden z badanych ekstraktów nie wykazał jednak lepszych właściwości od syntetycznego insektycydu (Sherpa Plus) użytego we wszystkich ocenach. Niniejsze badania są pierwszym doniesieniem o aktywności produktów (ekstraktów) z Gmelina arborea w zwalczaniu larw Maruca vitrata i Clavigralla tomentosicollis na plantacjach Vigna unguiculata.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

plant protection; insecticidal potential; plant extract; Gmelina arborea; pest control; field pest; cowpea; Vigna unguiculata; pod borer; Maruca vitrata; coreid bug; leaf-footed bug zob.coreid bug; squash bug zob.coreid bug; Clavigralla tomentosicollis; insecticide; insect pest

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2005
• Tom: 45
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.1-7,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Oparaeke A M

• Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria 810001, Nigeria

Bibliografia

• Amatobi C.I. 2000. Cashew plant crude extract as a promising aphicide in cowpea insect pest management. Abstracts ofpaper and poster presentations, World Cowpea Res. Conf. 111, IITA-Ibadan, Nigeria, 4–7 September 2000, p. 11.
• Jackai L.E.N., Oyediran I.O. 1991. The potential ofneem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss. for controlling post-flowering pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp –1. The pod borer, Maruca testulalis. Insect Sci. Applic. 12(1,2,3): 103–109.
• Jackai L.E.N., Inang E.E., Nwobi P. 1992. The potential for controlling post-flowering pests ofcowpea, Vigna unguiculata Walp. using neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Tropic. Pest Managem. 38 (1): 56–60.
• Mong T. T., Sudderuddin K. F. 1978. Effects of neem tree (Azadirachta indica) extract on diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella L.), Malays. Appl. Bio., 7: 1–6.
• Okech S.H.O., Kaposhi C.K.M., Chisembu K., Mundia M.P. 1997. Potential of Tephrosia vogelii water extract for control of the maize stalk borer, Chilo partellus. Afr. J. Plant Prot. 7: 17–25.
• Olaifa J.I., Wilson O., Erhun W.O., Akingbohungbe A.E. 1987. Insecticidal activity of some Nigerian plants. Insect Sci. Appl., 8(2): 221–224.
• Oparaeke A.M., Dike M.C., Amatobi C.I. 1999. Bioefficacy of extracts of garlic bulb and African nutmeg for control of field insect pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Paper Presentation, 32nd Ann. Conf. ESN, Central Hotel Conference Hall, Bompai Road, Kano, Nigeria, October 4–7: 10 pp.
• Oparaeke A.M., Dike M.C., Amatobi C.I. 2000. Insecticidal potential ofextracts ofgarlic, Allium sativum L. bulb and African nutmeg, Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal seed for insect pests control on cowpea., (Dike M.C., Ajayi O., Okunade S.O., Okonkwo N.O., Abdul-Aziz, Abba). ESN Occasional Publ., 32: 169–174.
• Oparaeke A.M., Dike M.C., Amatobi C.I. 2001. The potential for controlling post-flowering insect pests ofcowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp, using cashew, Anacardium occidentale L. product extracts. Paper Presentation, 32nd Ann. Conf. ESN, National Library Auditorium, Kaduna, Nigeria, October 8–11, 2001: 8 pp.
• Oparaeke A.M., Dike M.C., Amatobi C.I. 2003. Preliminary study on clove, Syzigium aromaticum Gaertn, syn. Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb (Myrtaceae) as a source ofinsecticide. Niger. J. Agric. Ext., 13: 73–80.
• SAS Institute. 1990. SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 6, Fourth ed., Vol. 2, SAS Institute, N. C, U.S.A, 345 pp.
• Saxena R.C. 1981. Neem seed oil for leaf folder control. Plant Proc. News (Philippines) 10: 48–50.
• Scott W.P., McKibben G.H. 1978. Toxicity ofblack pepper extract to boll weevils. J. Econ. Entomol., 71: 343–344.
• Warthen J.D. Jr, Redfern F.E., Uebel E.C., Mill, G.D. 1978. An antifeedant for fall army worm neem seeds. U.S. Dept. Agric., Agric. Res. Results, Northeastern Ser. No. 1., 56 pp.
• Zongo J.O., Vincent C., Stewart R.K. 1993. Effect of neem seed kernel extract on egg and larval survival ofthe sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera:Muscidae), J. Appl. Entomol. 115: 363–369.