Wydajnosc i sklad mleka oraz poziom lipidow surowicy krwi krow otrzymujacych dodatki mineralno-witaminowe

• Autorzy: Strusinska D , Kaliniewicz J. , Skok A.
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the study was to verify the assumption that adding chelates, vitamins and yeasts to the winter diet of cows, at the end of pregnancy and at the beginning of lactation, increases milk production and affects the serum concentration of lipids. The experiment was performed on three groups of HF cows (a total of 60 heads) in their second or third lactation, fed a balanced diet based on maize silage, grass silage and haylage (56% dry matter of the feed) and a concentrate (group 1 . control). Approximately 14 days before delivery and 120 days after delivery the diet of group 2 was supplemented with mineral components (chelate complexes Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se ) and vitamins (E, PP, β-carotene). Group 3 received Yea Sacc1026 bioformula (containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae1026) in addition to its normal rations and supplements (as in group 2). Supplementing the cow.s winter ration with vitamins and minerals resulted in a significant increase in mean daily milk production during the first 120 days of lactation (from 23.98 kg to 25.18 kg) in comparison to the control group. This milk had higher concentrations of non-fat solids and crude protein (P ≤ 0.01), including the N fraction of true protein (P ≤ 0.05), as well as lactose and dry matter. Milk fat had the highest level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (on day 30 and 120 of lactation), including linoleic acid (C18:2), and a higher concentration (on the day 120 of lactation) of hypocholesterolemic acids (45.46 g/100g FA). Mineral-vitamin supplements shortened milk coagulation time (by 14%), and increased the alcohol number (from 2.28 to 2.81 ml 80% C2H5OH). Yeast (Yea Sacc1026) did not improve the effectiveness of chelates and vitamins added to the ration. The supplements tested in the study reduced the somatic cell count in milk (P ≤ 0.05). Vitamin-mineral supplements and yeasts increased (especially on day 120 of lactation) the serum levels of phospholipids and triacyloglycerols (chelates and vitamins) and total cholesterol (yeasts).

Słowa kluczowe

PL

surowica krwi; bydlo; sklad chemiczny; zywienie zwierzat; krowy mleczne; wlasciwosci fizykochemiczne; mleko; wydajnosc mleka; dodatki paszowe; poziom lipidow; dodatki mineralno-witaminowe

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Medycyna Weterynaryjna
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: 62
• Numer: 02
• Opis fizyczny: s.179-184,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Strusinska D

• Uniwersytet Warminsko-Mazurski, ul. Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719 Olsztyn

autor

Kaliniewicz J.

autor

Skok A.

Bibliografia

• 1.Anon.: IŻ-INRA. Normy żywienia bydła, owiec i kóz. Wartoœæ pokarmowa pasz dla przeżuwaczy. Omnitech Press, Warszawa 1997.
• 2.Anon.: Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington V.A. 1990.
• 3.Bobowiec R., Filar J., Marczuk J., Kosior U.: Zmiany w składzie lipoprotein osocza krów w okresie okołoporodowym. Medycyna Wet. 1997, 53, 734-738.
• 4.Bronicki M., Dembiñski Z.: Badania aktywności enzymów wątrobowych u krów mlecznych w powiązaniu z wybranymi wskaźnikami gospodarki lipidowej. Medycyna Wet. 1994, 50, 268-271.
• 5.Brzóska F., Gąsior R., Sala K., Zyzak W.: Effect of linseed oil fatty acid calcium salts and vitamin E on milk yield and composition. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 1999, 8, 367-378.
• 6.Brzóska F., Kowalczyk J.: Milk yield, composition and cholesterol level in dairy cows fed rations supplemented with zinc and fatty acid calcium salts. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2002, 11, 411-424.
• 7.Brzóska F., Sala K.: The effect of fatty-acid calcium salts and copper supplementation of daily rations on milk yield and composition, lipid metabolism and cholesterol level in cow's milk. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 2001, 10, 399-412.
• 8.Campbell M. H., Miller J. K., Schrick F. N.: Effect of additional cobalt, copper, manganese and zinc on reproduction and milk yield of lactating dairy cows receiving bovine Somatotropin. J. Dairy Sci. 1999, 82, 1019-1025.
• 9.Cervantes A., Smith T. R., Young J. W.: Effects of nicotinamide on milk composition and production in dairy cows fed supplemental fat. J. Dairy Sci. 1996, 79, 105-113.
• 10.Goering H. R., Van Soest P. J.: Forage fibre analysis. Agriculture Handbook, No. 379. USDA, Washington 1970.
• 11.Iwañska S., Strusiñska D., Zalewski W., Opałka A.: The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae1026 used alone or with vitamin-mineral premix on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. Acta Vet. Hung. 1999, 47, 41-52.
• 12.Jensen R. G.: The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. J. Dairy Sci. 2002, 85, 295-350.
• 13.Kampl B., Martinèiæ T., Catinelli M., Susnjiè M.: Profiles of selected biochemical blood parameters in dairy cows during gravidity and lactation and their influence on milk production and reproductive efficiency. I. Total lipids and total cholesterol and its fractions in blood. Vet. Arhiv 1990, 60, 293-305.
• 14.Kessler J., Faria A.: Mélange d'oligo-éléments organiques dans l'alimentation de la vache laitière. Revue Suisse Agric. 1998, 30, 147-150.
• 15.Máchal L., Chládek., Zizlavský J.: Relation among blood plasma total lipids, cholesterol, glucose and urea concentration, and reproductive performance in Bohemia Spotted cows. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 1999, 8, 209-221.
• 16.Manz U., Bühler-Steinbrunn I. I.: Analytical methods for vitamins and carotenoids in feed. H. E. Keller Department of Vitamin Research and Development, Roche, Bazylea 1987.
• 17.Miller-Webster T., Hoover W. H., Holt M., Nocek I. E.: Influence of yeast culture on ruminal microbial metabolism in continuous culture. J. Dairy Sci. 2002, 85, 2009-2014.
• 18.Politis I., Bizelis I., Tsiaras A., Baldi A.: Effect of vitamin E supplementation on neutrophil function, milk composition and plasma activity in dairy cows in a commercial herd. J. Dairy Res. 2004, 71, 273-278.
• 19.Sablik P.: Przyczyny brakowania krów mlecznych oraz wpływ podawania im probiotyku Yea Sacc1026 i mieszanki mineralnych biopleksów na poprawę cech produkcyjnych w warunkach Pomorza Zachodniego. AR Szczecin, Rozpr. hab. nr 213, 2002, 5-96.
• 20.Sol Morales M., Palmquist D. L., Weiss W. P.: Milk fat composition on Holstein and Jersey cows with control or depleted copper status and fed whole soybeans or tallow. J. Dairy Sci. 2000, 83, 2112-2119.
• 21.Spears J. W.: Organic trace minerals in ruminant nutrition. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1996, 58, 151-163.
• 22.Szymczyk B., Hanczakowski P., Furgał-Dzierżuk I., Szczurek W.: Effect of magnesium intake and type of dietary protein on the level of serum lipid fractions in rats. Ann. Anim. Sci. 2001, 1, 113-122.
• 23.Vasquez-Anon M., Bertics S., Luck M., Grummer R. R.: Peripartum liver triglyceride and plasma metabolites in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1994, 77, 1521-1528.
• 24.Weiss W. P., Hogan J. S., Smith K. L., Williams S. N.: Effect of dietary fat and vitamin E and a-tocopherol and b-carotene in blood of peripartum cows. J. Dairy Sci. 1994, 77, 1422-1429.
• 25.Weiss W. P., Wyatt D. J.: Effect of dietary fat and vitamin E on a-tocopherol in milk from dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86, 3582-3591.
• 26.Wrzoł J., Brzóska F., Szarek J.: Wpływ poziomu jodu i selenu w dawkach pokarmowych na wydajność krów i skład kwasów tłuszczowych mleka. Rocz. Nauk Zoot. 1999, 26, 159-173.