Review of the early allotherian mammals

• Autorzy: Butler P M
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Comparison of the early allotherian genera, Haramiyavia, Thomasia, Theroteinus, and Eleutherodon shows that their molariform teeth are variants of a common pattern, justifying the inclusion of these genera in a single order Haramiyida. Haramiyavia is made the type of a new family Haramiyaviidae. The order Haramiyida is divided into two suborders: (1) Theroteinida (only family Theroteinidae), and (2) Haramiyoidea (families Haramiyaviidae, Haramiyidae, Eleutherodontidae). Dental resemblances support the hypothesis that the Multituberculata originated within the Haramiyida, in which case the Haramiyida would be paraphyletic. Derivation of multituberculates from within the Mammaliaformes would involve a highly improbable transformation of the dentition. It is therefore postulated that allotherian (Haramiyida + Multituberculata) and non-allotherian mammaliaform clades separated before the Mammaliaformes developed a shearing dentition with unilateral occlusion and transverse jaw movements. This hypothesis implies that the two clades evolved to a large extent in parallel, to account for the apparent synapomorphies of multituberculates and therians.

PL

Praca przedstawia rewizję wczesnych przedstawicieli ssaków z podgromady Allotheria. Wykazano, że rodzaje Haramiyavia, Thomasia, Theroteinus i Eleutherodon mają podobny typ budowy zębów, co pozwala na ich zaliczenie do wspólnego rzędu Haramiyida. Dla Haramiyavia zaproponowano utworzenie nowej rodziny Haramiyaviidae. Rząd Haramyida został podzielony na dwa podrzędy: (1) Theroteinidea, do którego zaliczono tylko jedną rodzinę Theroteinidae, i (2) Haramiyoidea, obejmującą rodziny Haramiyaviidae, Haramiyidae i Eleutherodontidae. Podobieństwo budowy zębów w tych grupach do zębów wieloguzkowców (Multituberculata) wskazuje, że wieloguzkowce wyodrębniły się spośród Haramyioidea. Jeżeli tak, to Haramiyida byłyby grupą parafiletyczną. Alternatywna możliwość, sugerowana przez innych badaczy, że wieloguzkowce wyodrębniły się spośród Mammaliaformes, pociągałaby za sobą przyjęcie nieprawdopodobnych przekształceń budowy zębów podczas powstawania wieloguzkowców. Dlatego autor postuluje, że Allotheria (do których należą Haramiyida i Multituberculata) oddzieliły się od pozostałych grup ssaków, zaliczanych do Mammaliaformes, zanim u tych ostatnich pojawiło się uzębienie tnące oraz jednostronna okluzja (to jest żucie raz lewą, raz prawą połową szczęk), wraz z poprzecznym ruchem szczęk podczas żucia. Hipoteza ta przyjmuje, że dwa klady: Allotheria i Mammaliaformes (z których usunięto wieloguzkowce) rozwijały się równolegle. Wówczas dopiero pojawiły się rzekome wspólne apomorfie wieloguzkowców i ssaków właściwych, na podstawie których wielu autorów uznaje wieloguzkowce za grupę siostrzaną ssaków właściwych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

occlusion; Eleutherodon; molar; Haramiyida; Haramiyaviidae; mammal; Allotheria; Theroteinus; allotherian mammal; Multituberculata; paleontology; Thomasia

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2000
• Tom: 45
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.317-342,fig.

Twórcy

autor

Butler P M

• School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Ehham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, U.K.

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