PL
Minione 20-lecie było okresem znaczących zmian w osadnictwie wiejskim. Procesy urbanizacji, tj. zmiany struktury zawodowej i struktury zatrudnienia, wywołały intensywne migracje, a tym samym zmiany w rozmieszczeniu ludności. Urbanizacja zawodowa przejawiła się głównie przez odpływ do miast, urbanizacja funkcjonalna natomiast przez rozwój w gminach funkcji nierolniczych i formowanie się lokalnych ośrodków pracy i usług.
EN
The last period of 20 years was characterized by gradul but distinct changes in the rural settlement. Apart from the emigration of people towards towns and the process of professional urbanization which all are well known from many publications, there arose also some functional changes consisting in the development of non-agricultural functions and of non-agricultural employment in communities. Functional changes being a result of both spontaneous (trips for finding work, small buisness) and planned processes (development of services in villages and their concentration) have led to the crystallization and consolidation of local centres, particularly in towns being the seats of communities. These seats of communities became relatively big centres of services with a stabilized and even growing population. The source of their development was mainly the influx of people from outside and rarely the displacements within the communities. This was due to a small absorption power of a new, just developing non-agricultural labour market for local population which showed yet a low level of education and skills. The influx of people being a result of developing employment fulfilled a function of completing the professional structure and therefore, the displacements within communities were replaced by commutation to work which contributed also to functional changes - transformations of some agricultural villages into the agricultural-housing areas (characterized by urbanization of professional structure). Therefore, functional development of communities exerted rather a small influence on the changes in spatial distribution of permanent local population. Changes of this kind were caused mainly by emigration towards towns and hence, the number of small-sized villages was steadily increasing. In rare cases only, when the development of employment in socialized sector was sccompanied by socialized housing, there arose some displacements within the communities, namely from agricultural villages to the developing centres.