Natural infections of small mammals with blood parasites on the borderland of boreal and temperate forest zones

• Autorzy: Karbowiak G. , Rychlik L. , Nowakowski W. , Wita I.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Blood parasites of small mammals living in Białowieża Forest (eastern Poland) were investigated between 1996 and 2002. The following haemoparasite species were found:Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) evotomys in bank voleClethrionomys glareolus; T. (H.) microti in root voleMicrotus oeconomus; Babesia microti in root vole;Hepatozoon erhardovae in bank vole andHepatozoon sp. in root vole. Some non-identifiedBartonella species were found in bank vole, root vole, field voleMicrotus agrestis, yellow-necked mouseApodemus flavicollis, common shrewSorex araneus, Eurasian water shrewNeomys fodiens, and Mediterranean water shrewN. anomalus. The prevalence and diversity of blood parasites were lower in shrews than small rodents. Totally, 52.0% of bank voles, 50.0% of root voles, 32.5% of common shrews, and 41.2% of Eurasian water shrews were infected with any of the blood parasites. Mixed infections were seldom observed in bank vole (17.3% of investigated individuals) and root vole (14.7%). No animals were infected with three or four parasites simultaneously. Infection of Białowieża small mammals with haemoparasites seemed to be similar to those described in other temperate forest regions rather than boreal ones. Infection rates of rodent species seem to be higher in their typical habitats: for bank vole it was the highest in mixed forest, whereas for root vole in sedge swamp. The results suggest that Arvicolidae play a greater role than Muridae or Soricidae in maintenance ofBabesia andHepatozoon foci in natural environments of central Europe.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

parasite; natural infection; shrew; mammal; Bialowieza Forest; wild rodent; blood parasite; rodent; small mammal

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Theriologica
• Rocznik: 2005
• Tom: 50
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.31-42,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Karbowiak G.

• Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 08-818 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Rychlik L.

autor

Nowakowski W.

autor

Wita I.

Bibliografia

• Aulak W. 1970. Small mammal communities of the Białowieża National Park. Acta Theriologica 15: 465–515.
• Bajer A., Pawelczyk A., Behnke J., Gilbert F. and Sinski E. 2001. Factors affecting the component community structure of haemoparasites in bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) from the Mazury Lake District region of Poland. Parasitology 122: 43–54.
• Baker J. R. 1974. Protozoan parasites of the blood of British wild birds and mammals. Journal of Zoology, London 172: 169–190.
• Baker J. R., Chitty D. and Phipps E. 1963. Blood parasites of wild voles,Microtus agrestis, in England. Parasitology 53: 297–301.
• Birtles R. J., Harrison T. G. and Molyneux D. H. 1994.Grahamella in small woodland mammals in the UK: isolation, prevalence and host specificity. Annales of Tropical and Medical Parasitology 88: 317–327.
• Breitschwerdt E. B. and Kordick D. L. 2000.Bartonella infection in animals: carriership, reservoir potential, pathogenicity, and zoonotic potential for human infection. Clinical Microbiology Review 13: 428–438.
• Cox F. E. G. 1970. Parasitic protozoa of British wild mammals. Mammal Review 1: 1–28.
• Crook J. H., Ellis J. E. and Goss-Custard J. D. 1976. Mammalian social systems: structure and function. Animal Behaviour 24: 261–274.
• Eisenberg J. F. 1966. The social organizations of mammals. [In: Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. J.-G. Helmcke, H. Lengerken, D. Starck and H. Wermuth, eds]. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin, Band 8, Tail 10: 1–92.
• Faliński J. B. (ed) 1968. [The National Park in Białowieża Primeval Forest]. PWRiL, Warsaw: 1–504. [In Polish]
• Faliński J. B. (ed) 1986. Vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests. Ecological studies in Białowieża Forest. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht: 1–537.
• Fay F. H. and Rausch R. L. 1969. Parasitic organisms in the blood of arvicoline rodents in Alaska. Journal of Parasitology 55: 1258–1265.
• Frank C. 1978. Kleinsäugerprotozoen im Neusiedlerseegebiet. Angewandte Parasitologie 19: 137–154.
• Gutowski J. M. and Jaroszewicz B. (eds) 2001. Catalogue of the fauna of Białowieża Primeval Forest. Forestry Research Institute, Warsaw: 1–403.
• Gutowski J. M. and Jaroszewicz B. 2004. [Białowieża Primeval Forest as a refugium of European insect fauna]. Wiadomości Entomologiczne 23, Suppl. 2: 67–87. [In Polish]bl]
• Haitlinger R. 1981. Structure of arthropod community occuring onMicrotus arvalis (Pall.) in various habitats. I. Faunistic differentiation, dominance structure, arthropod infestation intensiveness in relation to habitats and host population dynamics. Polish Ecological Studies 7: 271–292.
• Haitlinger R. 1983. Invertebrates associated with the bank vole. Arthropod communities. [In: Ecology of the bank vole. K. Petrusewicz, ed]. Acta Theriologica 28, Suppl. 1: 55–68.
• Haitlinger R. 1984. [Parasitic arthropods ofNeomys fodiens (Penn.) andNeomys anomalus Cabr. (Mammalia, Insectivora) in Poland]. Wiadomoości Parazytologiczne 30: 603-616. [In Polish]
• Healing T. D. 1981. Infections with blood parasites in the small British rodentsApodemus sylvaticus, Clethrionomys glareolus andMicrotus agrestis. Parasitology 83: 179–189.
• Hoare C. A. 1972. The trypanosomes of mammals. IX. The Stercoraria. SubgenusHerpetosoma Doflein, 1901. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, Edinburgh: 214–326.
• Karbowiak G., Rychlik L., Wita I. and Czaplińska U. 2002. The blood parasites and their vectors in rodents living in wet habitats in Białowieża Forest. [In: Materials of the 4th International Symposium “Parasitic, allergenic and venomous arthropods — their medical and sanitary significance”, Kazimierz Dolny, 6-9.05.2002]. Medical Academy of Lublin, Lublin: 36–37.
• Karbowiak G., Stanko M., Rychlik L., Nowakowski W. and Siuda K. 1999. The new data about zoonotic reservoir ofBabesia microti in small mammals in Poland. Acta Parasitologica 44: 142–144.
• Karbowiak G. and Wita I. 2001. [Ecological aspects of the infection of bank voleClethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780) withTrypanosoma (Herpetosoma) evotomys Hadwen, 1912]. Wiadomoości Parazytologiczne 47: 789–795. [In Polish]
• Kingston N., Bobek B., Perzanowski K., Wita I. and Maki L. 1992. Description ofTrypanosoma (Megatrypanum) stefanskii sp. n. from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Poland. Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington 59: 89–95.
• Kisielewska K. 1963. Food composition and reproduction ofSorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 in the light of parasitological research. Acta Theriologica 7: 127–153.
• Kisielewska K. 1964. Changes in the structure of cestodofauna ofSorex araneus araneus L. from the Białowieża National Park due to climatic conditions in 1960. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 12: 33–46.
• Kisielewska K. 1970. Ecological organization of intestinal helminth groupings inClethrionomys glareolus (Schreb.) (Rodentia). II. An attempt at an introduction of helminths ofC. glareolus from the Białkowieża National Park into an island of the Bełdany Lake (Mazurian Lakeland). Acta Parasitologica Polonica 18: 149–162.
• Krampitz H. E. 1964. Über das Vorkommen und Verhalten von Haemococcidien der GattungHepatozoon Miller 1908 (Protozoa, Adeleidea) in mittel- und südeuropäischen Säugern. Acta Tropica 21: 114–154.
• Krampitz H. E. and Bäumler W. 1978. Vorkommen, Saisondynamik und Wirtskreis vonBabesia microti (França, 1912) in einheimischen Nagetieren. Zeitshrift für Parasitenkunde 58: 15–33.
• Laakkonen J. 2000. Microparasites of three species of shrews from Finnish Lapland. Annales Zoolologici Fennici 37: 37–41.
• Laakkonen J., Henttonen H., Hastriter M. W., Niemimaa J. and Jarrel G. H. 2002. Hemoparasites and fleas of shrews and rodents from Alaska. Acta Parasitologica 47: 255–257.
• Laakkonen J., Sukura A., Oksanen A., Henttonen H. and Soveri T. 2001. Haemogregarines of the genusHepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Adeleina) in rodents from northern Europe. Folia Parasitologica 48: 263–267.
• Lachmajer J. 1959. Fleas of small mammals in natural focus of tick-born encephalitis in the Puszcza Białowieska (National Park). Biuletyn Instytutu Medycyny Morskiej w Gdańsku 10: 5–14.
• Lachmajer J. and Wegner Z. 1956. [Fauna of fleas and louses parasitizing small mammals of Białowieża National Park]. Wiadomoości Parazytologiczne 5 (Suppl.): 103–104. [In Polish]
• Matthews M. J., Kingston N. and Morton J. K. 1977.Trypanosoma cervi Kingston and Morton, 1975 from mule deer,Odocoileus hemionus, in Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 13: 33–39.
• Mehlhorn H. and Schein E. 1984. The piroplasms: life cycle and sexual stages. Advances in Parasitology 74: 151–158.
• Mitchell-Jones A. J., Amori G., Bogdanowicz W., Kryštufek B., Reijnders P. J. H., Spitzenberger F., Stubbe M., Thissen J. B. M., Vohralík V. and Zima J. (eds) 1999. The atlas of European mammals. T and AD Poyser Ltd, London: 1–484.
• Pawelczyk A., Bajer A., Behnke J. M., Gilbert F. S. and Sinski E. 2004. Factors affecting the component community structure of haemoparasites in common voles (Microtus arvalis) from the Mazury Lake District region of Poland. Parasitology Research 92: 270–284.
• Pucek Z. (ed) 1981. Keys to vertebrates of Poland. Mammals. PWN — Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa: 1–367.
• Rychlik L. 1998. Evolution of social systems in shrews. [In: Evolution of shrews. J. M. Wójcik and M. Wolsan, eds]. Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża: 347–406.
• Rychlik L. 2001. Habitat preferences of water shrews and root vole coexisting along a stream in Białowieża Forest. Säugetierkundliche Informationen, Jena 5: 99–112.
• Šebek Z. 1975. Blutparasiten der wildlebenden Kleinsäuger in der Tschechoslowakei. Folia Parasitologica 22: 11–20.
• Šebek Z., Sixl W., Stünzner D., Valová M., Hubálek Z. and Troger H. 1980. Zur Kenntnis der Blutparasiten wildlebender Kleinsäuger in der Steiermark und im Burgenland. Folia Parasitologica 27: 295–301.
• Siuda K. 1993. [Ticks of Poland (Acari: Ixodida). II. Systematics and distribution]. Polish Parasitological Society, Warszawa: 1–381. [In Polish]
• Stanko M. 1989. [Mites (Acarina, Mesostigmata) of small mammals in two West Carpathian regions]. Biologia, Bratislava 44: 499–512. [In Slovak]
• Stanko M., Miklisová D., Bellocq J. G. and Morand S. 2002. Mammal density and patterns of ectoparasite species richness and abundance. Oecologia, Berlin 131: 289–295.
• Turner C. M. R. 1986. Seasonal and age distributions ofBabesia, Hepatozoon, Trypanosoma andGrahamella species inClethrionomys glareolus andApodemus sylvaticus populations. Parasitology 93: 279–280.
• Turner C. M. R. and Cox F. E. G. 1985. Interspecific interactions between blood parasites in a wild rodent community. Annales of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 79: 463–465.
• Watkins R. A., Moshier S. E., O’dell W. D. and Pinter A. J. 1991. Splenomegaly and reticulocytosis caused byBabesia microti infections in natural populations of the Montane vole,Microtus montanus. Journal of Protozoology 38: 573–576.
• Wegner Z. 1959. Lice on small mammals in natural focus of tick-born encephalitis in the Puszcza Białowieska (National Park). Biuletyn Instytutu Medycyny Morskiej w Gdańsku 10: 31–38.
• Wiger R. 1978. Hematological, splenic and adrenal changes associated with natural and experimental infections ofTrypanosoma lemmi in the Norwegian lemming,Lemmus lemmus (L.). Folia Parasitologica (Praha) 25: 295–230.
• Wiger R. 1979. Seasonal and annual variations in the prevalence of blood parasites in cyclic species of small rodents in Norway with special reference toClethrionomys glareolus. Holarctic Ecology 2: 169–175.