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2007 | 56 | 2 |

Tytuł artykułu

Staphylokinase production by clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
One of virulence factors produced by Staphylococcus aureus is staphylokinase (SAK), which enhances their proteolytic activity leading to tissue damage and improving bacterial invasiveness. In the present study we estimated the ability to produce staphylokinase by 95 S. aureus reference strains and clinical isolates from the airways of cystic fibrosis patients, from skin lesions and from infected bones. We would like to verify any relationship between SAK production and the types of clinical isolates as well as other biochemical properties and activities of these staphylococcal strains, which can be important for their pathogenicity. More than 62% of all tested strains were able to produce secreted type of SAK. Staphylokinase production was significantly more common in the isolates from skin and soft tissue infections than in any other group of tested staphylococci. The general tendencies in the selected properties or activities of both SAK(-) and SAK(+) isolates were similar. Our data confirm phenotypic dissimilarity in SAK production of S. aureus strains isolated from various types of infections. It is compatible with the biological role of staphylokinase and with hypothetical model of staphylokinase mediated bacterial invasion of host tissues. Thus, the estimation of SAK production by S. aureus isolates may be regarded as the parameter describing potential invasiveness of staphylococci and can be useful as a medical recommendation for the eradication of staphylococci carrier state.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

56

Numer

2

Opis fizyczny

p.97-102,ref.

Twórcy

  • University od Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
autor
autor

Bibliografia

  • Bokarewa M.I., T. Jin and A. Tarkowski. 2006. Staphylococcus aureus: staphylokinase. IJBCB 38: 504-509.
  • Cheung A.L., A.S. Bayer, G. Zhang, H. Gresham and Y-Q. Xiong. 2004. Regulation of virulence determinants in vitro and in vivo in Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 40: 1-9.
  • Ferry T., D. Thomas, A.-L. Genestier, M. Bes, G. Lina, F. Vandenesch and J. Etienne. 2005. Comparative prevalence of superantigen genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing sepsis with and without septic shock. Clin. Infect. Dis. 41: 771-777.
  • Foster T.J. 2005. Immune evasion by staphylococci. Nature Rev. 3: 948-957.
  • Heyer G., S. Saba, R. Adamo, W. Rush, G. Soong, A. Cheung and A. Prince. 2002. Staphylococcus aureus agr and sarA functions are required for invasive infection but not inflammatory responses in the lung. Infect. Immun.10: 127-133.
  • Jarraud S., C. Mougel, J. Thioulouse, G. Lina, H. Meugnier, F. Forey, X. Nesme, J. Etienne and F. Vandenesch. 2002. Relationships between Staphylococcus aureus genetic background, virulence factors, agr groups (alleles), and human disease. Infect. Immun. 70: 631-641.
  • Jin T., M. Bokarewa, L. McIntyre, A. Tarkowski, G.R. Corey, L.B. Reller and V.G. Fowler Jr. 2003. Fatal outcome of bacteraemic patients caused by infection with staphylokinase-deficient Staphylococcus aureus strains. J. Med. Microbiol. 52: 919-923.
  • Jin T., M. Bokarewa, T. Foster, J. Mitchell, J. Higgins and A. Tarkowski. 2004. Staphylococcus aureus resists human defensins by production of staphylokinase, a novel bacterial evasion mechanisms. J. Immunol. 172: 1169-1176.
  • Krut O., O. Utermohlen, X. Schlossherr and M. Kronke. 2003. Strain-specific association of cytotoxic activity and virulence of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Infect. Immun. 71: 2716-2723.
  • Lähteenmäki K., P. Kuusela and T.K. Korhonen. 2001. Bacterial plasminogen activators and receptors. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 25: 531-552.
  • Omoe K, D.-L. Hu, H. Takahashi-Omoe, A. Nakane and K. Shinagawa. 2005. Comprehensive analysis of classical and newly described staphylococcal superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 246: 191-198.
  • Otto M., R. Süßmuth, C. Vuong, G. Jung and F. Götz. 1999. Inhibition of virulence factor expression in Staphylococcus aureus by the Staphylococcus epidermidis agr pheromone and derivatives. FEBS Letters 450: 257-262.
  • Rooijakkers S.H.M., W.J.B, van Wamel, M. Ruyken, K.P.M. van Kessel and J.A.G. van Strijp. 2005. Anti-opsonic properties of staphylokinase. Microbes Infect. 7: 476-484.
  • Sadowska B., A. Bonar, M. Rzeźniczak, I. Solarska, W. Rudnicka and B. Różalska. 2000. Comparative phenotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cystic fibrosis patients versus blood and skin-mucosal infections isolates. Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. (Biol. Ser.) 48: 99-109.
  • Sadowska B., A. Bonar, Ch. von Eiff, R.A. Proctor, M. Chmiela, W. Rudnicka and B. Różalska. 2002. Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from airways of cystic fibrosis patients, and their small colony variants. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 32: 191-197.
  • Van Belkum A., D.C. Melles, S.V. Snijders, W.B. van Leeuwen, H.F.L. Wertheim, J.L. Nouwen, H.A. Verbrugh and J. Etienne. 2006. Clonal distribution and differential occurrence of the enterotoxin gene cluster, egc, in carriage versus bacteremia-asso-ciated isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44: 1555-1557.
  • Van Wamel W.J.B., S.H.M. Rooijakkers, M. Ruyken, K.P.M. van Kessel and J.A.G. van Strijp. 2006. The innate immune modulators staphylococcal complement inhibitor and chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus are located on P-hemo-lysin-converting bacteriophages. J. Bacteriol. 188: 1310-1315.

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Bibliografia

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