Dobor i wykorzystanie nowoczesnej aparatury kontrolno-pomiarowej w doswiadczalnictwie polowym. Cz.II Monitoring parametrow fizycznych profilu glebowego

• Autorzy: Walczak R T
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The main problem of agrophysical metrology in field experiment is the development of monitoring systems of physical parameters, charac­terizing soil, canopy and agroclimatological factors. The monitoring sys­tems give us a possibility of describing and analyzing spatial and time variability of physical parameters determining the plant growth condi­tions. The main feature of the measuring detectors is the device, which makes it possible to transform any measured physical value into electri­cal signal. This signal can be easily sent, transformed and recorded. The analog electrical value is most frequently transformed into the digital form and can be easily sent, transformed and recorded in the computer memory. In the Institute of Agrophysics the method and equipment has been elaborated for soil water content measurement using time domain reflectometry (TDR). This method is based on the measurement of the velocity of electromagnetic pulse propagation in the investigated medium. The elaborated device enables the measurement of the moisture, electrical bulk conductivity and temperature simultaneously. The knowledge of bulk electrical conductivity and electrical permitivity makes it possible to determine soil salinity by calculation of salinity index value. The labora­tory version of the reflectometric meter of soil water content, additio­nally equipped with the detectors for the measurement the soil water potential enables to determine the soil water retention curve and the water transport characteristics in the soil. These soil characteristics are the parameters used in the models describing water, salt and heat move­ment in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Thermal images technology can be used for the investigations of plant water stress and for the actual evapotranspiration estimation.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

gleby; przetwarzanie danych; badania gleboznawcze; metody pomiarow; aparatura kontrolno-pomiarowa; monitoring; oznaczanie; doswiadczalnictwo rolnicze; eksperymenty polowe

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
• Rocznik: 1996
• Tom: 447
• Opis fizyczny: s.91-100,rys.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Walczak R T

• Instytut Agrofizyki PAN, Lublin

Bibliografia

• [1] Gliński J. Stępniewski W. 1985. Soil aeration and its role for plants. CRC Press, USA, ss. 229.
• [2] Malicki M. 1982. An electro-capacitance capillary hydrometrie sen­sor. Zesz.Probl.Post.Nauк Rol. 281: 135-138.
• [3] Malicki M.A. 1990. An reflectometric (TDR) meter of moisture con­tent in soils and other capillaiy-porous materials. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Rol. 388: 107-114.
• [4] Malicki M.A., Plagge R., Renger m., Walczak R.T. 1992. Application of time-domain reflectometiy (TDR) soil moisture mini- probe for the determination of unsaturated soil water characteristics from undisturbed soil cores. Irrig. Sci. 13: 65-72.
• [5] Malicki M.A., Skierucha W. 1989. A manually controlled TDR soil moisture meter operating with 300ps rise-time needle pulse. Irrig Sci 10: 153-163.
• [6] Malicki M., Walczak R. 1983. A gauge of the redox potential and the oxygen diffusion rate in the soil with an automatic regulation of cathode potential. Zesz.Probl.Post.Nauk Rol. 220, II: 447-451.
• [7] Malicki M., Walczak R., Koch S., Fluhler H. 1994. Determining soil salinity from silmultaneous readings of its dielectric constans and electrical consuctivity using TDR. Symposium on Time Domain Rettectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure and Mining Appli­cations Proceedings. September 7-9, 1994, s. 328-336, Evanson, IL. USA.
• [8] Sobczuk H. A., Plagge R„ Walczak R. т., Roth CH. h. 1992. Laboratory equipment and calculation procedure to rapidly determi­ne hysteresis of some soil hydrophysical properties under non steady flow conditions. Z. Pflanz. Bodenk. 155: 157-163.
• [9] Walczak R. 1993. Nowe aspekty metrologii agrofizycznej. Nauka Polska. Nr. 4: 73-76.
• [10] Walczak R. 1987. Basic problem of mass and energy transfer in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Zesz.Probl.Post.Nauk Rol. 346: 12-22.
• [11] Walczak R. Т., Sławiński C., Malicki M., Sobczuk H. 1993. Mea­surement of water characteristics in soils using TDR technique: water characteristics of loess soil under different treatment. Int. Agrophysics 7: 175-182.
• [12] Easy Test instruction/service manual. Easy Test Ltd., 1997: 1-24.
• [13] Wescor instruction/service manual. Wescor Inc. 1986: 1-38.