PL
Artykuł jest podsumowaniem wyników badań socjologicznych wykonanych w gminie, w której w efekcie upadku państwowego gospodarstwa rolnego nastąpiło spiętrzenie się problemów społecznych: bezrobocia, pauperyzacji i pogłębiającej się frustracji. W efekcie rozpoznania społecznej struktury, zachowań, aspiracji, postaw i postulatów różnych kategorii mieszkańców określone zostały społeczne ograniczenia i możliwości wychodzenia gminy z głębokiego kryzysu.
EN
This paper is based on a sociological study performed in the gmina of Lelkowo (Elbląg voivodship). It is peripheral in terms of Poland and larger urban centres. As an effect of the liquidation of a state farm, the gmina experiences mass unemployment , impoverishment and deper and deeper frustration. The study covers a broad range of issues, not only strictly sociological, but also economic, environmental, demographic and political. In most general terms, it focuses on the following groups of problems: - the living conditions of residents, the definition of existing hardships and future hazards, and proposed mitigation measures; - the prefered development directions of the inhabited area and proposals regarding the gmina budget; - the attitude to the most important local problems: the future of the former state farm, unemployment and its effects, the possibilities for and barriers to the development of agriculture and tourism, and the liquid and solid waste management in the gmina; - the emotional links with the living environment - the physical vicinity and co-resi- dents; - the approval of public control mechanisms, discernment of local authorities and public forces, willingness to cooperate, public activity, enterpreneurship and training, life orientations and aspirations. What turned out to be extremely important in the analysis was the spatial differentiation of the gmina (with seperate areas of the former farm, the area of the gmina centre and private agricultural land). The sociological study made it possible to determine chances, consisting of the possibility of using such factors as: the willingness to cooperate and associate in order to do business, the development tendencies of private farms, the declared willingness to take part in training courses, preparing for individual businesses, the environmental awareness, conditioning the development of production of health food and tourism, the willingness to take a job for wages close to the minimum ones and to leave the gmina in order to seek a job outside it.