Salts application for suppressing potato early blight disease

• Autorzy: El-Mougy N S , Abdel-Kader M.M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zastosowanie soli w celu ograniczenia alternariozy ziemniaka

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The suppressive effect of sodium and calcium salts applied individually or combined with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae against Alternaria solani the causal agent of early blight disease of potato was evaluated under laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions. In vitro test a complete inhibition in fungal growth was observed at concentration of 30 mg/ml of both sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride. The commercial backing yeast S. cerevisiae (CBY) enhanced the inhibitory effect of tested salts reflected in increasing mycelial fungal growth reduction when combined at the rate of 1:1 at each concentration tested. In pot experiment, under artificial infestation with pathogenic fungus, application of sodium bicarbonate or calcium chloride significantly reduced the early blight incidence and severity by increasing their concentrations. Their most effective concentration were 30 mg/ml that reduced the disease incidence by 50 and 62.4%, respectively. Superior effect of sodium bicarbonate or calcium chloride in disease reduction was observed when they combined with CBY. Field trails for evaluating the most promising greenhouse treatments were preformed under natural infestations during two successive summer seasons. Calcium chloride proved higher efficacy for reducing both disease incidence and severity than that of sodium bicarbonate when applied either alone or combined with CBY. Also, it is observed that increasing concentrations of both sodium bicarbonate or calcium chloride showed parallel decrease in disease incidence and severity. Application of (CBY) enhanced the efficacy of salts spraying against early blight disease. Similar trend was also observed with the increase of potato tubers yield. On the light of the present study it could be suggested that the usage of combined application of the yeast S. cerevisiae with sodium bicarbonate or calcium chloride might be used as easily applied, safely and cost effective control methods against such plant diseases.

PL

W warunkach laboratoryjnych, szklarniowych i polowych, badano ograniczające działanie soli sodu i wapnia, użytych indywidualnie lub łącznie z grzybem drożdżoidalnym Sacharomyces cerevisiae, przeciwko Alternaria solani, który wywołuje wczesną alternariozę ziemniaka. W teście in vitro obserwowano całkowitą inhibicję wzrostu grzyba przy użyciu stężenia węglanu sodu lub chlorku wapnia wynoszącego 30 mg/ml. Handlowe drożdże piekarnicze (S. cerevisiae) stymulowały działanie inhibicyjne badanych soli, co wyrażało się redukcją ilości wytwarzanej przez patogena grzybni, wykorzystywanej w badaniach w stosunku: 1: 1 dla każdego testowanego stężenia. W doświadczeniu wazonowym, w warunkach sztucznej inokulacji patogenem, zastosowanie jednej z badanych soli powodowało istotne ograniczenie występowania alternariozy, a jej nasilenie wzrastało wraz ze wzrostem wykorzystanych stężeń soli. Najbardziej efektywne było stężenie 30 mg/ml, ograniczające występowanie choroby, odpowiednio o 50 i 62,4%. Lepszy efekt zastosowania węglanu sodu lub chlorku wapnia w ograniczaniu choroby obserwowano wtedy, gdy zabiegi były wykonywane w warunkach naturalnego zakażenia, podczas dwóch kolejnych sezonów letnich. Chlorek wapnia był skuteczniejszy zarówno w ograniczaniu występowania choroby i jej nasilenia, niż węglanu sodu, zarówno gdy stosowano go oddzielnie lub w połączeniu z S. cerevisiae. Zwiększając stężenia obydwóch soli uzyskano równoległe ograniczenie choroby i jej nasilenia. Zastosowanie drożdży stymulowało skuteczność opryskiwania roślin ziemniaka solami przeciwko alternariozie. Podobną tendencję obserwowano również dla wzrostu plonu bulw. W świetle wykonanych badań można sugerować, że wykorzystanie łącznej aplikacji S. cerevisiae i węglanu sodu lub chlorku wapnia mogłoby być wykorzystane jako łatwa w użyciu, bezpieczna i tania metoda zwalczania tej choroby.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

early blight; Alternaria solani; plant disease; potato; calcium chloride; control; sodium chloride; application

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: 49
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.353-361,ref.

Twórcy

autor

El-Mougy N S

• National Research Centre, El-Behhos St., 12622 Giza, Egypt

autor

Abdel-Kader M.M.

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