Fungi colonizing soil fertilized with composted sewage sludge and municipal waste

• Autorzy: Cwalina-Ambroziak B , Bowszys T. , Wierzbowska J.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Grzyby kolonizujace glebe nawozona kompostami z osadow siekowych i odpadow komunalnych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A strict field experiment was conducted in 2004-2007 on grey-brown podzolic soil originating from light silty loam, which was 5.04 in pH, highly abundant in P, moderately abundant in K, Zn, Mn and very poor in Mg. The experiment was established in a random block design with four replications. In a four-year crop rotation system, the following sequence of crops was grown: industrial potato, fodder spring barley, winter oilseed rape and winter wheat. The experiment consisted of treatments with farmyard manure and composted sewage sludge (Biohum, Polepszacz, Tyrowo) as well as composted municipal waste (Dano, green waste). The manure and organic fertilizers were applied once (10 t d.m. ha-1) or twice (2-5 t d.m. ha-1). For comparison, unfertilized plots (control) and NPK fertilized plots were used. The phytopathological assays were completed in order to determine the effect of natural and organic fertilization on the structure of soil fungal communities. In a laboratory, soil samples were made into suspensions of the dilution from 10-2 to 10-4. Fungi were cultured for 5 days on Martin substrate in Petri dishes at 22*C. The grown fungal colonies were calculated into g dry mass and inoculated onto agar slabs for later species identification. The results suggest positive influence of fertilization with FYM, composted sewage sludge and composted municipal waste on the chemical properties and biotic relationships in soil, i.e. on the growth of fungi which can act antagonistically towards pathogenic species, suppressing at the same time populations of pathogenic fungi. Highest counts of pathogenic fungi were found in unfertilized soil (in the control treatment). The most desirable effect was produced by FYM applied once in a dose of 10 t d.m. ha-1.

PL

W latach 2004-2007 przeprowadzono ścisłe doświadczenie polowe na glebie płowej wytworzonej z gliny lekkiej pylastej, pH 5,04 oraz wysokiej zawartości P, średniej K, Zn i Mn oraz niskiej Mg. Eksperyment założono w układzie losowanych bloków, w trzech powtórzeniach. W czteroletnim płodozmianie uprawiano kolejno: ziemniak przemysłowy, jęczmień jary paszowy, rzepak ozimy i pszenicę ozimą. Eksperyment obejmował obiekty z obornikiem i kompostowanymi osadami ściekowymi (Biohum, Polepszacz, Tyrowo) oraz kompostowanymi odpadami komunalnymi (Dano, zieleń miejska). Obornik i nawozy organiczne stosowano jedno- (10 t s.m.-ha-1) lub dwukrotnie w zmianowaniu (2-5 t s.m.-ha-1). Obiekty porównawcze stanowiły poletka bez nawożenia (kontrola) i z nawożeniem mineralnym NPK. Badania fitopatologiczne wykonano w celu określenia wpływu nawożenia naturalnego i organicznego na strukturę zbiorowiska grzybów glebowych. W laboratorium z pobranych próbek gleby sporządzano zawiesiny wodne o rozcieńczeniu od 10-2 do 10-4. Grzyby hodowano w płytkach Petriego, na podłożu Martina, przez 5 dni w temperaturze 22*C. Wyrosłe kolonie grzybów przeliczano na g suchej masy, po czym przeszczepiano na skosy agarowe z zamiarem późniejszej identyfikacji gatunkowej. Wyniki badań wskazują na pozytywny wpływ zastosowanego nawożenia obornikiem i kompostami z osadów ściekowych i odpadów komunalnych na właściwości chemiczne i stosunki biotyczne w glebie, tj. wzrost liczebności grzybów o uzdolnieniach antagonistycznych względem gatunków patogenicznych, a jednocześnie redukcję populacji tych ostatnich. Najwięcej patogenów zasiedlało glebę nienawożoną (w obiekcie kontrolnym). Najbardziej dobroczynne działanie wykazał obornik zastosowany jednorazowo w dawce 10 t s.m.-ha-1.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

soil; fungi; soil fungi; organic fertilization; compost; sewage sludge; municipal waste; zinc; manganese; pathogen; saprophyte

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Elementology
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 15
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.39-51,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Cwalina-Ambroziak B

• University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawochenskiego 17, 10-722 Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Bowszys T.

autor

Wierzbowska J.

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