EN
Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is a globally emergent infectious disease of swine. In this review of literature the opinions on the etiology were presented. The porcine circovirus PCV2 has been defined as the essential etiological agent. Some authors have claimed, however, that an additional virus is required to cause the clinical disease. In addition, the PCV2 also participates in the etiology of different other multifactorial diseases of swine. Concerning pathogeneses of PMWS, current evidence supports a central role for immunity dysfunction. The clinical symptoms and pathological changes have been characterized. The most important are: wasting, paleness, intermittent diarrhea, enlarged inquinal lymph nodes. They are helpful symptoms in the diagnoses, but should be supported by a demonstration of the presence of PCV2 in pathological lesions by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) tests. In relation to prevention and control, improvement of management and nutrition were recommended, but above all biosecurity, as well as the application of specific swine serum to pigs and the vaccination of pregnant sows.