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2005 | 52 | 1 |

Tytuł artykułu

Wplyw transgenicznych odmian tolerujacych herbicydy na wybrane elementy agrocenoz - doswiadczenia brytyjskie

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Treść / Zawartość

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

PL

Abstrakty

EN
Development of genetically modified crop cultivars by the private biotechnology companies and their wide acceptance by farmers in a number of countries did not follow proper evaluation of their unintended effects on environment by the public research institutions in the past. The paper presents results of the first properly organized multi-instututional and multi-disciplinary field studies carried out in the United Kongdom on the effect of herbicide-tolerant transgenic cultivars of beet, maize and spring oilseed rape on selected components of agrocenosis. The methodology and techniques used in these wide scale studies undertaken under commercial fann conditions in various regions may serve as a model for other reseach programmes and countries. The needs for support by the national research institutions and foundations for such field studies in other countries are obvious in the face of emotional reactions of various groups of society, including some scientists, on releasing of genetically modified cultivars with novel properties. The author having 35 years of experience in breeding the crop plant resistance to pests hopes that pro and contra arguments for GMO will only be supported by objective research data.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

52

Numer

1

Opis fizyczny

s.105-119,bibliogr.

Twórcy

  • Szkola Glowna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, Katedra Entomologii Stosowanej, ul.Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa

Bibliografia

  • [1] Brooks D.R., Bohan D.A., Champion G.T. i 30 dalszych autorów. 2003. Invertebrate responses to the mamagement of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spring crops. I. Soil-surface-active invertebrates. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 358(1439): 1847-1862.
  • [2] Chambarlain D.E., Fuller R.J., Bunce R.G.H., Duchworth J.C., Shrubb M. 2000. Changes in abundance of farmland birds in relation to the timing of agricultural intensification in England and Wales. J. Appl. Ecol. 37: 771-788.
  • [3] Champion G.T., May M.J., Bennett S. i 15 dalszych autorów. 2003. Crop management and agronomic context of the Farm Scale Evaluation of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 358 (1439): 1801-1818.
  • [4] Chrispeels M.J., Sadava D.E. 2003. Plants, genes and crop biotechnology. 2-nd ed. Jones and Bartlett, Sudbury, USA: 278 ss.
  • [5] Dąbrowski Z.T. 2002. Advantage versus risk of using GMOs in agriculture: What we learn from the experience in plant protection. European Society for New Methods in Agricultural Research. XXXII Annual Meeting, 10-14 September 2002, Warsaw, Poland. Book of Abstracts and Plenary Lectures: 9-13.
  • [6] Dewar A.2003. Effects of treatments on invertabrates within the field and field margin. Referat przedstawiony w czasie: IOBC/wprs working group meeting - ,,Ecological impact of genetically modified organisms", Praha, 26-29.11.2003.
  • [7] Dewar A., Champion G., May M., Pidgeon J. 2003. The farm scale evaluation of GMHT crops: what do the results mean for sugar beet? British Sugar Beet Review, 71(4): 15-22.
  • [8] Entomological Society of America (ESA). 2002. ESA position statement on transgenic insect-resistant crops: potential benefits and hazards. ttp/www.entsoc.org/publicaffairs/positoon_papers/gm_crops.htm
  • [9] European Science Foundation (ESF). 2004.Workshop abstracts „Measuring and monitonng the impact of GMOs. 31.03-1.04.2004. Cambrige, UK: 119 ss.
  • [10] Gatehouse A.M.R. 2003. Plant transformation: methodology, applications and the potential for unintended effects. Abstracts. IOBC/wprs working group Meeting „Ecological impact of genetically modified organisms", Praha, 26-29.11.2003: 24.
  • [11] Haughton A.J., Champion G,T., Hawes C. i 24 dalszych autorów. 2003. Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant and conventional spnng crops. II. Within-field epigeal and earial arthropods. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. 358(1439): 1863-1878.
  • [12] Hansen G., Wright M.S.1999. Recent advances in the transformation of plants. Trends Plant Sci. 4: 226-231.
  • [13] Heard M.S. 2003. Effects of treatments (conventional and GMHT herbicides) on weed numbers, biomass and seed rain both within the field and field margin. Referat wygloszoczasie: IOBC/wprs working group meeting „Ecological impact of genetically modified organisms", Praha, 26-29.11.2003.
  • [14] Heard M.S., Hawes C., Champion G.T. i 10 dalszych autorów. 2003. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. I. Effects on undance and diversity. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B. 358 (1439): 1819-1832.
  • [15] Heard M.S., Hawes C., Champion G.T. i 11 dalszych autorów. 2003b. Weeds in fields with contrasting conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. II. Effects on individual species. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B. 358 (1439): 1833-1846.
  • [16] International Organization of Biological Control (OBC). 2003. Abstracts. Ecological impact of genetically modified organisms. IOBC/wprs Working Group Meeting, Praha, 26-29.11.2003: 64 ss.
  • [17] James C. 2002. Global status of commercialized transgenic crops. ISAAA Briefs 21. ISAAA, Ithaca, NY, USA: 22 ss.
  • [18] Malepszy S. 2003. Bezpieczenstwo korzystania z organizmów modyfikowanych genetycznie: ss. 31-36. W: ,,GMO. Poznajmy swoje poglądy". Białystok.
  • [19] May M. 2003. Economic consequence for UK farms of growing GM herbicide tolerant sugar beet. Ann. Appl. Biol. 142: 41-48.
  • [20] Perry J.N., Rothery P., Clark S.J., Heard M.S., Hawes C. 2003. Design, analysis and statistical power of the Farm Scale Evaluation of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. J. Appl. Ecol. 40: 17-31.
  • [21] Roy D.B., Bohan D.A., Haughton A.J. i 11 dalszych autorów. 2003. Invertebrates and vegetation of field margins adjacent to crops subject to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B. 358 (1439): 1879-1898.
  • [22] Squire G.R., Brooks D.R, Bohan D.A. i 12 dalszych autorów. 2003. On the rationale and interpretation of the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant crops. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B. 358(1439): 1779 - 1800.
  • [23] Twardowski T., Zimny J., Twardowska A. 2003. Biobezpieczeństwo biotechnologii. Agencja EDYTOR, Poznań: 265 ss.
  • [24] Wilson J.D., Morris A.J., Arrayo B.E., Clark S.C., Bradburry R.B. 1999. A review of the abundance and diversity of invertebrate and plant foods of granivorous birds in northern Europe in relation to agricultural change. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 75: 13-30.
  • [25] www.isaaa.org/kc/Global%20Status/gmreview/area.htm).
  • [26] Young A.G., Port G.R., James D., Green T. 1996. The use of refuge traps in assessing the risk of slug damage: a comparison of trap material and bait: 133-140. W: ,,Slug and snail pests in agriculture" (Ed. I. F. Henderson). BCPC Symposium proceedings. British Crop Protection Council. Croydan, UK.
  • [27] Zeki S. 2003. The Farm Scale Evaluations of spring-sown genetically modified crops. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Land. B. 358(1439): 1913 ss.
  • [28] Zimny J., Macewicz J. 2003. Rośliny zmodyfikowane genetycznie w poszerzonej Europie. Wieś Jutra 7(60): 3-5.

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

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