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2007 | 63 | 09 |

Tytuł artykułu

Wyspy patogenicznosci

Warianty tytułu

EN
Pathogenicity islands

Języki publikacji

PL

Abstrakty

EN
Virulence determinants are clustered in many bacterial pathogens in pathogenicity islands (PAI) scattered along the chromosome. Many such islands have been described to date and new similar genomic structures will certainly be detected in the near future. Genomic structures similar to pathogenicity islands have also been identified in non-pathogenic bacteria. The products of their genes participate in symbiosis, xenobiotic degradation, determine antibiotic resistance and supply many other metabolic functions for bacteria. Pathogenicity islands may be defined by the following criteria: G+C content, codon usage patterns, dinucleotide frequency different from that of the core genome, the presence of IS elements, transposase and integrase genes that determine mobility islands, the presence of direct repetitions at their boundaries, integration into tRNA genes and/or IS elements. Such DNA regions from non-pathogenic organisms are called genomic islands. It seems that pathogenicity islands are members of genomic islands. The integration of islands into chromosome occurs with HGT through transduction, transfection, and conjugation, but phages are recognized as being the main force of gene transfer. Pathogenicity islands as well as other islands remain in bacterial genome since they provide selective advantages to their recipient within given, specific conditions thus enhancing their survival within an ecological niche and adaptation capacity to eukaryotic hosts.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

63

Numer

09

Opis fizyczny

s.1026-1029,rys.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor
  • Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej, ul.Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin
autor
autor

Bibliografia

  • 1.Bishop A. L., Baker S., Jenks S., Fookes M., Gaora P. O., Pickard D., Anjum M., Farrar J., Hien T. T., Ivens A., Dougan G.: Analysis of the hypervariable region of the Salmonella enterica genome associated with tRNAleuX. J. Bacteriol. 2005, 187, 2469-2482.
  • 2.Braun V., Hundsberger T., Leukel P., Sauerborn M., Eichel-Streiber C.: Definition of the single integration site of the pathogenicity locus in Clostridium difficile. Gene. 1997, 29-38.
  • 3.Brüssow H., Canchaya C., Hardt W.-D.: Phages and the evolution of bacterial pathogens: from genomic rearrangements to lysogenic conversion.Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2004, 68, 560-602.
  • 4.Buchrieser C., Brosch R., Bach S., Guiyoule A., Carniel E.: The high-pathogenicity island of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can be inserted into any of the three chromosomal asn tRNA genes. Mol. Microbiol. 1998, 30, 965-978.
  • 5.Cesini S., Lange C., Xiang Z., Crabtree J. E., Ghiara P.: cag, a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori, encodes type-I specific and disease-associated virulence factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1996, 93, 14648-14653.
  • 6.Covacci A., Rappuoli R.: cag, a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori, triggers host response, [w:] Kaper J. B., Mellies J. L., Nataro J. P. (wyd.): Pathogenicity Islands and Other Mobile Virulence Elements. Washington, DC: Am. Soc. Microbol. 1999, s. 189-202.
  • 7.de Sousa C. P.: Pathogenicity mechanisms of prokaryotic cells: an evolutionary view. Brazil. J. Infect. Dis. 2003, 7, 23-31.
  • 8.Dobrindt U., Hochhut B., Hentschel U., Hacker J.: Genomic islands in pathogenic and environmental microorganisms. Nature Rev. Microbiol. 2004, 2, 414- -424.
  • 9.Dutta C., Pan A.: Horizontal gene transfer and bacterial diversity. J. Biosci. 2002, 27, 27-33.
  • 10.Gaillard M., Vallaeys T., Vorhölter F. J., Minoia M., Werlen C., Sentchilo V., Pühler A., van der Meer J. R.: The clc element of Pseudomonas sp. strain B13, a genomic island with various catabolic properties. J. Bacteriol. 2006, 188, 1999-2013.
  • 11.Golden J. W., Robinson S. J., Haselkorn R.: Rearrangement of nitrogen fixation genes during heterocyst differentation in the cyanobacterium Anabaena. Nature 1985, 314, 419-423.
  • 12.Groisman E. A., Ochman H.: Pathogenicity islands: bacterial evolution in quantum leaps. Cell 1996, 87, 791-794.
  • 13.Hacker J., Blum-Oehler G., Mühldorfer I., Tschäpe H.: Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution. Mol. Microbiol. 1997, 23, 1089-1097.
  • 14.Hacker J., Carniel E.: Ecological fitness, genomic islands and bacterial pathogenicity. EMBO 2001, 2, 376-381.
  • 15.Hacker J., Kaper J.: Pathogenicity islands and the evolution of microbes. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 2000, 54, 641-679.
  • 16.Hacker J., Knapp S., Goebel W.: Spontaneous deletions and flanking regions of the chromosomal inherited hemolysin determinant of an Escherichia coli O6 strain. J. Bacteriol. 1983, 154, 1145-1152.
  • 17.Hilbert D. W., Piggot P. J.: Compartmentalization of gene expression during Bacillus subtilis spore formation. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2004, 68, 234-262.
  • 18.Hsiao W. W. L., Ung K., Aeschliman D., Bryan J., Finlay B. B., Brinkman F. S. L.: Evidence of a large novel gene pool associated with prokaryotic genomic islands. PLoS Genetics. 2005, 1, 0540-0550.
  • 19.Karaolis D. K. R., Somara S., Maneval D. R. Jr., Johnson J. A., Kaper J. B.: A bacteriophage encoding a pathogenicity island, a type-IV pilus and a phage receptor in cholera bacteria. Nature 1999, 399, 375-379.
  • 20.Middendorf B., Hochhut B., Leipold K., Dobrindt U., Blum-Oehler G., Hacker J.: Instability of pathogenicity islands in uropathogenic Escherichia coli 536. J. Bacteriol. 2004, 186, 3086-3096.
  • 21.Mokracka J., Koczura R., Kaznowski A.: Wyspy patogenności. Post. Mikrobiol. 2002, 41, 51-69.
  • 22.Ochman H., Groisman E. A.: Distribution of pathogenicity islands in Salmonella spp. Infect. Immun. 1996, 64, 5410-5412.
  • 23.Oelschlaeger T. A., Dobrindt U., Hacker J.: Pathogenicity islands of uropathogenic E. coli and the evolution of virulence. Inter. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2002, 19, 517-521.
  • 24.Pickard D., Wain J., Baker S., Line A., Chocan S., Fookes M., Barron A., Gaora P. O., Chabalgoity J. A., Thanky N., Scholes Ch., Thomson N., Quail M., Parkhill J., Dougan G.: Composition, acquisition, and distribution of the Vi exopolysaccharide-encoding Salmonella enterica pathogenicity island SPI-7. J. Bacteriol. 2003, 185, 5055-5065.
  • 25.Podbielski A., Woischnik M., Pohl B., Schmidt K. H.: What is the size of the group A streptococcal vir regulon? The Mga regulator affects expression of secreted and surface virulence factors. Medic. Microbiol. Immun. 1996, 185, 171-181.
  • 26.Ritter A., Blum G., Emödy L., Kerenyi M., Böck A., Neuhierl B., Rabsch W., Scheutz F., Hacker J.: tRNA genes and pathogenicity islands: influence on virulence and metabolic properties of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Mol. Microbiol. 1995, 17, 109-121.
  • 27.Springael D., Top E. M.: Horizontal gene transfer and microbial adaptation to xenobiotics: new type of mobile genetic elements and lessons from ecological studies. Trends Microbiol. 2004, 12, 53-58.
  • 28.Sullivan J. T.: Comparative sequence analysis of the symbiosis island of Mesorhizobium loti strain R7A. J. Bacteriol. 2002, 184, 3086-3095.
  • 29.Vazquez-Boland J. A., Dominguez-Bernal G., Gonzalez-Zorn B., Kreft J., Goebel W.: Pathogenicity islands and virulence evolution in Listeria. Microb. Infect. 2001, 3, 571-584.
  • 30.Yamaguchi T., Nishifuji K., Sasaki M., Fudaba Y., Aepfelbacher M., Takata T., Ohara M., Komatsuzawa H., Amagai M., Sugai M.: Identification of the Staphylococcus aureus etd pathogenicity island which encodes a novel exfoliative toxin, ETD, and EDIN-B. Infect. Immun. 2002, 70, 5835-5845.
  • 31.Zhang R., Zhang C. T.: Identification of genomic islands in the genome of Bacillus cereus by comparative analysis with Bacillus anthracis. Physiol. Genomics 2003, 16, 19-23.

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.agro-article-7bac610e-1f39-4d42-b1da-170d254260fc
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