Uniepalniacze - zastosowanie i zagrozenie dla czlowieka

• Autorzy: Goralczyk K. , Strucinski P. , Czaja K. , Hernik A. , Ludwicki J.K.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Flame retardants - use and hazards for humans

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Uniepalniacze są to substancje opóźniające zapłon. Na podstawie piśmiennictwa przedstawiono zagrożenia dla człowieka wynikające z zastosowania tych środków w różnych gałęziach przemysłu.

EN

Flame retardants (FRs) are chemicals which added to materials during or after manufacture, inhibit or even suppress the combustion process due to their thermal stability. Large quantities of FRs are added to the plastic material (resins) in variety of electrical and electronic appliances including television and computer casing. The other uses of these compounds include production of building materials, upholstered furniture, textiles, wall covering, carpets, hydraulic fluids as well as vehicles and aircraft. Taking into account the chemical structure, there are five main groups of FRs: brominated, chlorinated, phosphorous-containing, nitrogen-containing (i.e. melamines) and inorganic compounds. Halogenated compounds, especially polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a class of brominated flame retardants, due to their lipophilic characteristics and persistence have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants. There are indications that PBDEs may affect hormone function acting as endocrine disruption and may be toxic for developing brain. These compounds have been associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in humans, a variety of cancers in rodents and disruption of thyroid hormones balance. Similarly to other persistent halogenated compounds they are also able to affect the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes activity. PBDEs are now found as residues in sediments, wildlife and human (milk, serum adipose tissue) samples. The predominant congeners in environmental samples, including human specimens are two congeners: 47 and 99. Currently, the estimated daily intake of PBDEs by adult humans is equal 51 ng x day-1 while by breast-fed infants equals 110 ng x day-1.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

zagrozenia zdrowia; substancje uniepalniajace zob.uniepalniacze; zastosowanie; uniepalniacze bromoorganiczne; przemysl; uniepalniacze; zagrozenia srodowiska; czlowiek

EN

health hazard; flame retardant; application; bromoorganic flame retardant; industry; retardant; environment hazard; man

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: 53
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: s.293-305,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Goralczyk K.

• Panstwowy Zaklad Higieny, ul.Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa

autor

Strucinski P.

autor

Czaja K.

autor

Hernik A.

autor

Ludwicki J.K.